Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 17/983,863

DIAGONAL WIRING LEVEL WITH SKIP-LEVEL VIA CONNECTIONS

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Nov 09, 2022
Examiner
GOODWIN, DAVID J
Art Unit
2817
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
International Business Machines Corporation
OA Round
3 (Non-Final)
67%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
3y 2m
To Grant
84%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 67% — above average
67%
Career Allow Rate
536 granted / 799 resolved
-0.9% vs TC avg
Strong +17% interview lift
Without
With
+16.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 2m
Avg Prosecution
78 currently pending
Career history
877
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.1%
-39.9% vs TC avg
§103
51.7%
+11.7% vs TC avg
§102
21.5%
-18.5% vs TC avg
§112
24.2%
-15.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 799 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Oh (US 2022/0384311) in view of Suga (US 7393775). Regarding claim 1. Oh teaches a semiconductor structure comprising: a device layer comprising one or more semiconductor devices (fig 5,6:F1,g1,ca1;[para 0034]), a through silicon via (fig 6:TV1;[para 0116]) and at least one device level metal via (fig 6:FV1;[para 0104]); a first wiring layer (fig 6:FM1,312;[para 0075]) comprising a plurality of first metal lines (fig 6:FM1;[para 0104]), wherein at least one of the first metal lines (fig 6:FM1;[para 0104]) of the plurality of first metal lines (fig 6:FM1;[para 0104]) is in direct contact with the at least one device level metal via (fig 6:FV1;[para 0104]); a second wiring layer (fig 6:fm2,314;[para 0074]) comprising a plurality of second metal lines (fig 6:fm2:;[para 0074], wherein the first wiring layer (fig 6:312,fm1;[para 0104]) is located between the device layer and the second wiring layer (fig 6:314,fm2;[para 0104]), […]and at least one first skip-level via having a first end terminating on a horizontal surface of the second wiring layer (fig 6:fm2;[para 0111]) and a second end, opposite the first end, that is in direct physical contact with the through silicon via (fig 6:TV1;[para 0111]) or one of the semiconductor devices present in the device layer PNG media_image1.png 398 812 media_image1.png Greyscale Oh does not teach diagonal lines Suga teaches a second wiring layer comprising a plurality of second metal lines (fig 10:12[column 9 lines 25-35), wherein the first wiring layer (fig 10:10[column 9 lines 30-35]) is located between the [substrate] and the second wiring layer (fig 10:12[column 9 , and the plurality of second metal lines (fig 10:12) are diagonally orientated relative to the plurality of first metal lines (fig 10:10[column 9 lines 30-45]) PNG media_image2.png 413 668 media_image2.png Greyscale PNG media_image3.png 332 294 media_image3.png Greyscale It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to provide a plurality of first and second lines at a diagonal in order reduce wire lengths and delay times and improve design flexibility (Suga column 2 lines 1-10). Regarding claim 2, Oh in view of Suga teaches the structure of claim 1 Suga teaches the plurality of second metal lines (fig 10:12[column 9 lines 30-40]) are offset 30° to 60° relative to the plurality of first metal lines (fig 10:10[column 9 lines 30-40) (fig 8[column 8 lines 6). Regarding claim 3, Oh in view of Suga teaches the structure of claim 2 Suga teaches the plurality of second metal lines (fig 10:12)[column 9 lines 30-40]) are offset 40° to 50° relative to the plurality of first metal lines (fig 10:10[column 9 lines 30-40]) (fig 8,column 8 lines 1-15). Regarding claim 4, Oh in view of Suga teaches the structure of claim 2. Oh teaches both the first wiring layer (fig 6:FM1,312;[para 0104]) and the second wiring layer (fig 6:fm2,314;[para 0104]) are located on a frontside of the device layer (fig 6;[para 0104]). Regarding claim 5, Oh in view of Suga teaches the structure of claim 4. Oh teaches at least one first metal via (fig 6:fv2;[para 0104]) connecting the second wiring layer (fig 6:fm2;[para 0104]) to the first wiring layer (fig 6:fm2]). Regarding claim 15, Oh in view of Suga teaches the semiconductor structure of Claim 1, further: Oh teaches the second wiring layer (fig 6:fm2;[para 0104]) is a signal line ([para 0073]). Regarding claim 16, Oh in view of Suga teaches the structure of claim 1. Oh teaches the one or more semiconductor devices (fig 5,6:f1,g1,ca1;[para 0034] comprise at least one transistor ;[para 0034]. Regarding claim 17, Oh in view of Suga teaches the structure of claim 16 Oh teaches at least one device level metal via (fig 6:fv1;[para 0104]) is in direct contact with the at least one transistor (fig 6:f1.g1.ca1;[para 0092]). Regarding claim 18, Oh in view of Suga teaches the structure of claim 1 Oh teaches the at least one first skip-level via has a vertical height that is greater than a vertical height of at least one device level metal via (fig 6:fv1;[para 0104]}. PNG media_image4.png 233 538 media_image4.png Greyscale Regarding claim 19, Oh in view of Suga teaches the structure of claim 1. Oh teaches each of the plurality of first metal lines (fig 5:fm1);[para 0104]), the plurality of second metal lines (fig 6:fm2;[para 0104]), the at least one device level metal via (fig 6:fv1;[para 0104]) and the at least one first skip via (fig 6:192;[para 0111]) comprises an electrically conductive metal or an electrically conductive metal alloy. Regarding claim 20, oh in view of Suga teaches the structure of claim 1. Oh teaches the first wiring layer (fig 6:312,fm1;[para 0073]) further comprises a first dielectric material (fig 6:312;[para 0073) embedding the plurality of first metal lines (fig 6:fm1;[para 0104]), and the second wiring layer (fig 6:314,fm2;[para 0073]) further comprises a second dielectric material (fig 6:314;[para 0073]) embedding the plurality of second metal lines (fig 6:fm2;[para 0104]), wherein the at least one first skip-level via passes through the first dielectric material (fig 6:312]0073]) without contact any of the plurality of first metal lines (fig 6:fm1;[para 0104]). Claim(s) 6, 7, and 8 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Oh (US 2022/0384311) in view of Suga (US 7393775) as applied to claim 5 and further in view of Fuchida (US 5723908) Regarding claim 6. Oh in view of Suga teaches elements of the claimed invention above. Oh in view of Suga does not teach third wiring level. Fuchia teaches a third wiring layer comprising a plurality of third metal lines (fig 9:40b[column 7 lines 40-55]), wherein the third wiring layer is located above the second wiring layer (fig 9:10[column 7 lines 40-55]) and each of the third metal lines (fig 9:40b[column 7 lines 40-55]) is orthogonal to each of the first metal lines (fig 9:20[column 7 lines 40-55]). PNG media_image5.png 468 606 media_image5.png Greyscale It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention in order to provide another level of interconnection and power distribution thereby enabling more flexibility in connection placement. Regarding claim 7, Oh in view of Suga in view of Fuchida teaches the structure of claim 7. Fuchida teaches at least one second skip-level via connecting the third wiring layer (fig 9:40b[column 7 lines 40-55]) to the first wiring layer (fig 9:20[column 7 lines 40-55]). Regarding claim 8, Oh in view of Suga in view of Fuchida teaches the structure of claim 7. Fuchida teaches at least one second metal via connecting the third wiring layer (fig 9:40b[column 7 lines 40-55]) to the second wiring layer (fig 9:10[column 7 lines 40-55]). Claim(s) 1, 9, 10, and 11 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Oh (US 2022/0384311) in view of Suga (US 7393775) in view of Wang (US 2021/0343639) Regarding claim 1. Oh teaches a semiconductor structure comprising: a device layer comprising one or more semiconductor devices (fig 5,6:F1,G1,ca1;[para 0034]), a through silicon via (fig 6:tv1;[para 0105]); […]a first wiring layer (fig 6:BM1;[para 0094]) comprising a plurality of first metal lines (fig 6;[para 0094); […]a second wiring layer (fig 6:BM3;[para 0094]) comprising a plurality of second metal lines (fig 6;[para 0094]), wherein the first wiring layer (fig 6B:M1;[para 0094]) is located between the device layer and the second wiring layer (fig 6:BM3;[para 0094]); and at least one first skip-level via (fig 6:SV1;[para 0094]) having a first end terminating on a horizontal surface of the second wiring layer (fig 6:BM3;[para 0094,0095]) and a second end, opposite the first end, that is in direct physical contact with the through silicon via (fig 6:TV1;[para 0094,0095]) or one of the semiconductor devices present in the device layer (fig 6:;[para 0094,0095]). PNG media_image6.png 472 720 media_image6.png Greyscale Oh does not teach diagonally oriented second metal lines. Suga teaches a second wiring layer comprising a plurality of second metal lines (fig 10:12[column 9 lines 25-35]), wherein the first wiring layer (fig 10) is located between the [substrate] and the second wiring layer (fig 10), and the plurality of second metal lines (fig 10:12[column 9 lines 30-40) are diagonally orientated relative to the plurality of first metal lines (fig 10:10[column 9 lines 30-45), a via (fig 10:14[column 9 lines 30-40]) having a first end terminating on a horizontal surface of the second wiring layer (fig 4c:12[column 5 lines 30-40]) PNG media_image2.png 413 668 media_image2.png Greyscale PNG media_image3.png 332 294 media_image3.png Greyscale It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to provide a plurality of first and second lines at a diagonal in order reduce wire lengths and delay times and improve design flexibility (Suga column 2 lines 1-10). Oh does not teach a device level metal via. Wang teaches at least one device level metal via (fig 25:300;[para 0089]); a first wiring layer (fig 25:315;[para 0091]) comprising a plurality of first metal lines (fig 25:315;[para 0091]), wherein at least one of the first metal lines (fig 25:315;[para 0091]) of the plurality of first metal lines is in direct contact with the at least one device level metal via (fig 25:300;[para 0091]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to provide a device level via connecting to the backside metal line in order to reduce the number of through silicon vias and front side power distribution. Regarding claim 9, Oh in view of Suga in view of Wang teaches the structure of claim 1. Oh teaches both the first wiring layer (fig 6:BM1;[para 0094]) and the second wiring layer (fig 6:BM3;[para 0094]) are located on a backside (fig 6:BS;[para 0094]) of the device layer (fig 6;[para 0094]). Regarding claim 10, Oh in view of Suga in view of Wang teaches the structure of claim 9. Oh teaches the first wiring layer (fig:BM1;[para 0108]) is present in a backside power distribution layer (;[para 0108]). Regarding claim 11, Oh in view of Suga in view of Wang teaches the structure of claim 9. Oh teaches at least one first metal via (fig 6:BV1,BV2;[para 0094]) connecting the second wiring layer (fig 6:BM3;[para 0094]) to the first wiring layer (fig 6:BM1;[para 0094]). Claim(s) 12, 13, and 14 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Oh (US 2022/0384311) in view of Suga (US 7393775) in view of Wang (US 2021/0343639) as applied to claim 11 and further in view of Fuchida (US 5723908). Regarding claim 12. Oh in view of Suga in view of Wang teaches the structure of claim 11. Oh in view of Suga in view of Wang does not teach each of the third metal lines is orthogonal to each of the first metal lines. Fuchida teaches a third wiring layer comprising a plurality of third metal lines (fig 9:40b[column 9 lines 50-60]), wherein the third wiring layer (fig 9:40[column 9 lines 45-55]) is located beneath the second wiring layer (fig 9:10[column 9 lines 30-40]) and each of the third metal lines (fig 9:40b[column 9 lines 50-60])is orthogonal to each of the first metal lines (fig 9:20[column 9 lines 55-60]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art to provide an orthogonal layer of wiring lines in order to provide additional signal routing with high packing density (Fuchida column 1 lines 10-35). PNG media_image7.png 420 803 media_image7.png Greyscale Regarding claim 13. Oh in view of Suga in view of Wang teaches the structure of claim 12 Fuchida teaches at least one second skip-level via connecting the third wiring layer to the first wiring layer (fig 9). Regarding claim 14. Oh in view of Suga in view of Wang teaches the structure of claim 12 Fuchida teaches at least one second metal via connecting the third wiring layer (fig 9:40[column 9 lines 30-40) to the second wiring layer (fig 9:10[column 9 lines 30-40]). Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claim(s) 1 have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference combination applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. The applicant argues that the prior art does not teach the structure comprising a through silicon via. However, Briggs (US 9911651) in view of Suga (US 7393775) in combination the newly applied reference Oh (US 2022/0384311) and Oh (US 2022/0384311) in view of Suga (US 7393775) in view of Wang (US 2021/0343639) teaches all elements of the claimed invention (see above). Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to DAVID J GOODWIN whose telephone number is (571)272-8451. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday, 11:00 - 19:00. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Kretelia Graham can be reached at (571)272-5055. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /D.J.G/Examiner, Art Unit 2817 /Kretelia Graham/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2817 January 16, 2026
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Nov 09, 2022
Application Filed
Apr 16, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Jul 24, 2025
Response Filed
Aug 29, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Oct 30, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Nov 26, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Dec 04, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Jan 08, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Apr 01, 2026
Interview Requested
Apr 09, 2026
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Apr 09, 2026
Examiner Interview Summary

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
67%
Grant Probability
84%
With Interview (+16.7%)
3y 2m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 799 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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