Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/021,192

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CHANGING LBT FOR UNLICENSED NETWORKS

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Feb 14, 2023
Examiner
PHUONG, DAI
Art Unit
2644
Tech Center
2600 — Communications
Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
OA Round
3 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
3y 0m
To Grant
92%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
611 granted / 809 resolved
+13.5% vs TC avg
Strong +16% interview lift
Without
With
+16.0%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 0m
Avg Prosecution
36 currently pending
Career history
845
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
3.1%
-36.9% vs TC avg
§103
51.1%
+11.1% vs TC avg
§102
20.0%
-20.0% vs TC avg
§112
9.1%
-30.9% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 809 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. Response to Argument Applicant's arguments, filed 01/15/26, with respect to claims have been considered but are moot in view of the new ground(s) of rejection. Claims 3, 5-10, 13-23, 26, 28-33, 36-47, 49 and 51 are canceled. Claims 1-2, 4, 11-12, 24-25, 27, 34-35, 48 and 50 are pending. Information Disclosure Statement The references listed in the Information Disclosure Statement filed on 03/01/26 have been considered by the examiner (see attached PTO-1449 form or PTO/SB/08A and 08B). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102 of this title, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1-2, 4, 11-12, 24-25, 27, 34-35, 48 and 50 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Sun et al. (U.S. 20210251002) in view of El Hamss et al. (U.S. 20230072340). For claim 1, Sun et al. disclose a method performed by a wireless device, the method comprising: receiving signaling from a base station indicative of whether or not the wireless device is to use Listen Before Talk, LBT, for transmissions (at least Fig. 7 and [0092]. The device may correspond to a UE 115 or 400 and may receive the criteria (No-LBT access criteria) via an RRC configuration from a BS 105 or 500.); determining whether or not to use LBT for transmissions, based on the received signaling and satisfaction of the following condition: the parameters satisfy criteria (the NO-LBT access criteria) for accessing the medium without employing an LBT procedure. (at least Fig. 3, 7, [0064] and [0092]-[0097]. The device may determine whether the parameters of step satisfy criteria (the NO-LBT access criteria) for accessing the medium without employing an LBT procedure.); and transmitting based on the determination whether or not to use LBT for transmissions (at least [0103]-[0104]. The device may determine whether to transmit signals without using LBT based on the parameters 703 and the criteria 705 as described in the examples above. The device may determine that a no-LBT transmission is allowed if all criteria 705 are satisfied.) However, Sun et al. do not disclose the directivity of the transmissions from the transmitter is larger than a threshold, In the same field of endeavor, El Hamss et al. disclose the directivity of the transmissions from the transmitter is larger than a threshold (at least [0163]. A WTRU may (e.g., in relaxed requirement bands) transmit without LBT, short LBT (e.g., or short CCA), for example, after an LBT success with a narrow beam.) Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made to modify the invention of Sun et al. as taught by El Hamss et al. for purpose of selecting beam for channel access. For claim 2, the combination of Sun et al. and El Hamss et al. disclose the method of claim 1. Sun et al. disclose the received signaling from the base station comprises an indication whether or not to use LBT (at least Fig. 7 and [0092]. The device may correspond to a UE 115 or 400 and may receive the criteria (No-LBT access criteria) via an RRC configuration from a BS 105 or 500.) For claim 4, the combination of Sun et al. and El Hamss et al. disclose the method of claim 1. Sun et al. disclose receiving the signaling from the base station comprising one or more of: receiving signaling from the base station based on a Radio Resource Control, RRC, configuration; receiving signaling from the base station via a Medium Access Control-Control Element, MAC-CE; receiving signaling from the base station via a Downlink Control Information, DCI; receiving signaling from the base station via System Information Broadcasting, SIB; receiving signaling from the base station based on RRC configuration; and receiving signaling from the base station in DCI for each transmission (at least Fig. 7 and [0092]. The device may correspond to a UE 115 or 400 and may receive the criteria (No-LBT access criteria) via an RRC configuration from a BS 105 or 500.) For claim 11, the combination of Sun et al. and El Hamss et al. disclose the method of claim 1. Sun et al. disclose wherein a Modulation and Coding Scheme, MCS, is jointly chosen together with a LBT mode (at least [0072]-[0081]. The modem subsystem 512 may be configured to modulate and/or encode data according to a MCS, e.g., a LDPC coding scheme, a turbo coding scheme, a convolutional coding scheme, a digital beamforming scheme, etc. The RF unit 514 may be configured to process (e.g., perform analog to digital conversion or digital to analog conversion, etc.) modulated/encoded data (e.g., PDSCH signal, PDCCH signal, DL data, scheduling grants, RRC configurations, rules for applying no LBT mode) from the modem subsystem 512 (on outbound transmissions) or of transmissions originating from another source such as a UE 115 and/or UE 400.) For claim 12, the combination of Sun et al. and El Hamss et al. disclose the method of claim 1. Sun et al. disclose determining whether or not to use LBT for transmissions further comprises: taking into account the latency requirement of data to be sent (at least [0005]. Aspects of the present disclosure can provide a more efficient use of network resources with reduced latency by providing access to a shared spectrum without performing an LBT.) For claims 24-25, 27 and 34-35, the claims have features similar to claims 1-2, 4, 11-12. Therefore, the claims are also rejected for the same reason in claims 1-2, 4, 11-12. For claims 48 and 50, the claims have features similar to claim 1. Therefore, the claims are also rejected for the same reason in claim 1. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Yoo et al. (U.S. 20210266914) disclose the base station may identify the beams 614 which are not associated with detected UEs based on the visual information 608 and the beam information 610, and the base station may access the shared channel for the beams 614 without performing another CCA or LBT. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to DAI PHUONG whose telephone number is 571-272-7896. The examiner can normally be reached on Monday-Friday, 8am-5pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, Applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Kathy Wang-Hurst can be reached on 571-270-5371. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-7687. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). /DAI PHUONG/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2644
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Feb 14, 2023
Application Filed
May 01, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Aug 06, 2025
Response Filed
Oct 10, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Jan 15, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
Feb 17, 2026
Request for Continued Examination
Feb 25, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 04, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
92%
With Interview (+16.0%)
3y 0m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 809 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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