Office Action Predictor
Last updated: April 15, 2026
Application No. 18/216,242

GREY WATER RINSE TOILET

Final Rejection §102
Filed
Jun 29, 2023
Examiner
NGUYEN, TUAN N
Art Unit
3754
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Kohler CO.
OA Round
2 (Final)
68%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
2y 8m
To Grant
96%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 68% — above average
68%
Career Allow Rate
1143 granted / 1676 resolved
-1.8% vs TC avg
Strong +27% interview lift
Without
With
+27.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 8m
Avg Prosecution
25 currently pending
Career history
1701
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.5%
-39.5% vs TC avg
§103
44.3%
+4.3% vs TC avg
§102
27.4%
-12.6% vs TC avg
§112
20.2%
-19.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1676 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed 12/19/2025 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. The Examiner disagrees with Applicant’s narrow interpretation of the Garrels reference. Both portions 331 and 306 are integral one piece, the Examiner interpreted both portions to be the bowl as claimed in claims 1, 9 and 16. The claim(s) fails to present any limitation(s) that would prevent such broadest reasonable interpretation by the Examiner. Accordingly, the previous rejections are maintained as indicated below. It is noted that Applicant relies on the arguments against claim 1 for independent claims 9 and 16 and all dependent claims; hence, they will stand or fall together. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-3 and 7-20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by US 10,655,313 (hereinafter Garrels). Regarding claim 1, Garrels discloses a grey water rinse toilet (Fig. 18), the toilet comprising a first reservoir (326) configured to store a first water supply (where 326 is pointing); a second reservoir (325) configured to store a second water supply (where 325 is pointing); a bowl (331, 306) having a first inlet (about 324b) fluidly connected to the first reservoir and a second inlet (about 324a) fluidly connected to the second reservoir; a first valve (324b) configured to control a flow of the first water supply from the first reservoir to the bowl, the flow of the first water supply being configured to rinse an inner surface of the bowl; and a second valve configured to control a flow of the second water supply from the second reservoir to the bowl. Regarding claim 2, the toilet of claim 1, wherein the first water supply comprises grey water. Regarding claim 3, the toilet of claim 1, wherein the first reservoir and the second reservoir are disposed within a tank (302) of the toilet with the first water supply and the second water supply fluidly separated. Regarding claim 7, the toilet of claim 1, wherein the first reservoir is fluidly connected to a drain for a shower, a bath, or a sink (see col. 3, lines 5-67). Regarding claim 8, the toilet of claim 1, wherein the first reservoir includes a filter, an ultraviolet (UV) light, or a chemical dispenser (see co. 4, lines 32-33). Regarding claim 9, Garrels discloses a method of flushing a toilet using grey water, the method comprising opening a first valve (324b) disposed between a first reservoir (326) configured to store grey water and a bowl (331, 306) of the toilet; providing a flow of grey water to the bowl; the grey water rinsing an inner surface of the bowl; opening a second valve (324a) disposed between a second reservoir (325) configured to store freshwater and the bowl; and providing a flow of fresh water to the bowl of the toilet. Regarding claim 10, the method of claim 9, wherein the flow of grey water is provided before the flow of fresh water (see Figs. 19 and 20). Regarding claim 11, the method of claim 9, further comprising filling the bowl of the toilet using the flow of fresh water (see Fig. 20). Regarding claim 12, the method of claim 9, wherein the first valve is opened for a first predetermined period of time and the second valve is opened for a second predetermined period of time (see Figs. 19 and 20). Regarding claim 13, the method of claim 9, further comprising collecting grey water from a shower, a bath, or a sink using a drain connected to the first reservoir (see col. 3, lines 5-67). Regarding claim 14, the method of claim 9, further comprising treating the grey water with a filter, UV light, or a cleaning chemical (see co. 4, lines 32-33). Regarding claim 15, the method of claim 9, further comprising pumping the grey water from the first reservoir to the first valve (see Fig. 19). Regarding claim 16, Garrels discloses a method of flushing a toilet using grey water, the method comprising sending, by a controller (see co. 7, lines 65+: “electronic device), a first control signal to a first valve (324b) disposed between a first reservoir (326) storing grey water and a bowl (331, 306) of the toilet, the first control signal configured to open the first valve for a predetermined period of time, wherein a flow of grey water is provided to the bowl while the first valve is open (see Fig. 19), the flow of grey water being configured to rinse an inner surface of the bowl; and sending, by the controller, a second control signal to a second valve (324a) disposed between a second reservoir (325) storing fresh water and the bowl, the second control signal configured to open the second valve for a predetermined period of time, wherein a flow of fresh water is provided to the bowl while the second valve is open (see Fig. 20), the flow of fresh water being configured to fill the bowl. Regarding claim 17, the method of claim 16, further comprising: sending, by the controller a third control signal to a pump (71) configured to pump grey water from the first reservoir to the first valve, the third control signal configured to turn the pump on. Regarding claim 18, the method of claim 16, wherein providing a flow of grey water to the bowl occurs before providing a flow of fresh water to the toilet (see Fig. 19). Regarding claim 19, the method of claim 16, wherein the first valve and the second valve comprise solenoid valves (see col. 8, lines 1-5). Regarding claim 20, the method of claim 16, wherein grey water is collected from at least one of a shower, bath, or sink using a drain connected to the first reservoir (see col. 3, lines 5-67). Conclusion THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to TUAN N NGUYEN whose telephone number is (571)272-4892. The examiner can normally be reached Mon-Fri 8-4. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, David Angwin can be reached at (571) 270-3735. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /TUAN N NGUYEN/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3754
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Prosecution Timeline

Jun 29, 2023
Application Filed
Sep 23, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102
Dec 19, 2025
Response Filed
Feb 10, 2026
Final Rejection — §102
Apr 13, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12595648
FLUSHING CONTROL METHOD OF INTELLIGENT TOILETS, INTELLIGENT TOILET AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12584306
ENERGY SAVING BATHROOM UNIT FOR SMALL SPACES
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12564299
TOILET ROTATING SHAFT CONNECTION STRUCTURE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 03, 2026
Patent 12559928
WALL-MOUNTED WATER CLOSET CARRIER ASSEMBLY
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Patent 12559927
SEAT WATERWAY SYSTEM, SEAT STRUCTURE, TOILET, WATERWAY DIVERTING STRUCTURE, AND SEAT MECHANISM
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
68%
Grant Probability
96%
With Interview (+27.3%)
2y 8m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 1676 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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