Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 18, 2026
Application No. 18/267,226

Heterocyclic Compounds and Their Use for Parasitic Diseases

Non-Final OA §102§112
Filed
Jun 14, 2023
Examiner
MAHLUM, JONATHAN DAVIS
Art Unit
1625
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
Celgene Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
54%
Grant Probability
Moderate
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 9m
To Grant
71%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 54% of resolved cases
54%
Career Allow Rate
12 granted / 22 resolved
-5.5% vs TC avg
Strong +17% interview lift
Without
With
+16.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 9m
Avg Prosecution
51 currently pending
Career history
73
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
2.9%
-37.1% vs TC avg
§103
33.7%
-6.3% vs TC avg
§102
18.9%
-21.1% vs TC avg
§112
24.5%
-15.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 22 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §112
Detailed Action The present office action is in response to the remarks filed on 18 Dec 2025. Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Status Claims 1-22 of the pending application have been examined on the merits. Claims 23-26 are withdrawn (see “Response to Applicant Election” below). Acknowledgement is made of the amendments filed 06 Feb 2024. Acknowledgement is made of the cancellation of claims 27-30. Priority Applicants identify the instant application, Serial #: 18/267,226, filed 14 Jun 2023, as a National Stage Entry of International Patent Application #: PCT/US2021/065208, filed 27 Dec 2021, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application #s: 63/131,084, filed 28 Dec 2020. Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement(s) (IDS) submitted on 06 Feb 2024, 01 May 2025, and 18 Dec 2025 are in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statement is being considered by the examiner. Response to Applicant Election Applicant’s election without traverse of Group I, claims 1-22, and the species of Compound 12 (below) in the reply filed on 18 Dec 2025 is acknowledged. PNG media_image1.png 63 190 media_image1.png Greyscale No prior art was found after a search for the elected compound. Examiner expanded the Markush search to the full scope of the generic Formula I. This search returned prior art and Group II, claims 23-26, is withdrawn. Claims 23-26 are withdrawn from further consideration pursuant to 37 CFR 1.142(b) as being drawn to a nonelected group, there being no allowable generic or linking claim. Election was made without traverse in the reply filed on 18 Dec 2025. Specification The lengthy specification has not been checked to the extent necessary to determine the presence of all possible minor errors. Applicant’s cooperation is requested in correcting any errors of which applicant may become aware in the specification. Claim Objections Claims 12-13 and 18-21 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112(b) The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 1, 11, and 14-17 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Regarding claims 1, 11, and 14-17, the claims contain Markush groupings which do not have the coordinating conjunctions “and” or “or” to properly limit the alternatives defined in the list, or the claims contain the incorrect coordinating conjunction to properly limit the alternatives defined in the list. See MPEP § 2117(I). Specifically, claim 1 has no coordinating conjunction in the last line of the claim; claim 11 has the incorrect coordinating conjunction in the definition of variable X; and claims 14-17 do not contain a coordinating conjunction between the last two named compounds of each of the claims. Applicant may overcome this rejection by adding the proper coordinating conjunction to each Markush group in need of one. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1, 3-4, and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by US 2009/0325970. The instant claims are drawn to the following generic Formula I: PNG media_image2.png 197 241 media_image2.png Greyscale The reference includes the following species which anticipate the instant claims (paragraph [0016]): PNG media_image3.png 196 259 media_image3.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 6-7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2011/097079 (provided in IDS 05/01/25). The reference teaches the following formula which is a sub-genus of the instant generic Claim 1 (paragraph [0015]): PNG media_image4.png 247 335 media_image4.png Greyscale Each species anticipates the instant claims. Claim(s) 1-2 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2012/031197. The reference teaches the following species which anticipates the instant claims (pg. 106): PNG media_image5.png 132 252 media_image5.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1-7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2012/123745 (provided in IDS 05/01/2025). The reference teaches the following formula which anticipates the generic Formula I of the instant claims (paragraph [0055]): PNG media_image6.png 202 243 media_image6.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 5-7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2012/160464. The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims: PNG media_image7.png 139 215 media_image7.png Greyscale (pg. 126, Compound 120) PNG media_image8.png 131 234 media_image8.png Greyscale (pg. 129, line 8) PNG media_image9.png 135 309 media_image9.png Greyscale (pg. 130, Compound 130) PNG media_image10.png 145 243 media_image10.png Greyscale (pg. 131, Compound 137) Claim(s) 1-2 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2013/127268. The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims: PNG media_image11.png 202 437 media_image11.png Greyscale (pg. 15, Compound 82) Claim(s) 1-7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2014/081718 (provided in IDS 05/01/2025). The reference teaches the following generic formula which anticipate the instant claims when X is CR3 (pg. 3, lines 10-16): PNG media_image12.png 229 290 media_image12.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2014/196793. The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims: PNG media_image13.png 147 262 media_image13.png Greyscale (pg. 55, Intermediate 10) PNG media_image14.png 200 494 media_image14.png Greyscale (pg. 95, Compound 98) PNG media_image15.png 238 472 media_image15.png Greyscale (pg. 96, Compound 101) Claim(s) 1-5, 7, and 22 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2014/207260 (provided in IDS 12/18/25). The reference teaches the following generic formula which anticipates the instant claims when reference variable R3 is -NR6R7: PNG media_image16.png 118 170 media_image16.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2015/038417 (provided in IDS 02/06/24). The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant compounds: Compounds 6-8 (pgs. 182-183), 13 (pg. 184), 15-16 (pg. 185), 19-20 (pgs. 186-187), 22-27 (pgs. 187-189), 30-32 (pgs. 190-191), 97-98 (pgs. 212-213), 313 (pg. 289), 322 (pg. 292), 325 (pg. 293), 364 (pg. 309), 366 (pg. 310), 368 (pg. 310), 371 (pg. 312), 384-385 (pgs. 317-318), 393 (pg. 321), 397 (pg. 323), 616 (pg. 424), and 959-961 (pg. 560). Claim(s) 1-10 and 22 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by US 2015/0079108. The reference teaches the following generic formula which anticipates the generic Formula (I) when reference variable R3 is -NR7R6 (paragraph [0145]): PNG media_image17.png 95 302 media_image17.png Greyscale The reference further teaches a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one of the inventive compounds and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, binder, disintegrate, glidant, lubricant or solvent (paragraph [0045]). Claim(s) 1-5 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2016/166159 (provided in IDS 12/18/25). The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims: PNG media_image18.png 211 416 media_image18.png Greyscale (pg. 39) PNG media_image19.png 206 393 media_image19.png Greyscale (Fig. 3A) PNG media_image20.png 219 419 media_image20.png Greyscale (Fig. 6) Claim(s) 1-5 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2017/044623. The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims: Structures 305-311 (pgs. 91-92) and 590-593 (pg. 148). Claim(s) 1-5 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2017/109476. The reference teaches species which anticipate the instant claims in Table 2 (pgs. 31-32). Claim(s) is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2018/141855 (provided in IDS 02/06/24). The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims (claim 14): PNG media_image21.png 704 944 media_image21.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1-5 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2019/080878. The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims (pg. 117): PNG media_image22.png 261 460 media_image22.png Greyscale PNG media_image23.png 262 453 media_image23.png Greyscale PNG media_image24.png 181 426 media_image24.png Greyscale PNG media_image25.png 190 431 media_image25.png Greyscale PNG media_image26.png 184 424 media_image26.png Greyscale PNG media_image27.png 203 438 media_image27.png Greyscale PNG media_image28.png 203 443 media_image28.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2019/080878. The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims: PNG media_image29.png 221 576 media_image29.png Greyscale (pg. 28) Claim(s) 1-5 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WO 2020/021024 (provided in IDS 05/01/25). The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims (pg. 93): PNG media_image30.png 104 228 media_image30.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 6-7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by WO 2021/127166. The reference claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application #: 62/949,160, filed 17 Dec 2019. The reference teaches the following generic formula which anticipates the generic Formula I when R4 is H: PNG media_image31.png 175 410 media_image31.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1-3 and 6-7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by WO 2021/148628. The reference claims priority from Foreign Application #: EP20153381.7, filed 23 Jan 2020. The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims (pg. 37): PNG media_image32.png 205 541 media_image32.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by WO 2021/159993 (provided in IDS 05/01/25). The reference claims priority from Foreign Application #: PCT/CN2020/075387, filed 14 Feb 2020. The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims: PNG media_image33.png 131 188 media_image33.png Greyscale (pgs. 169-170) Claim(s) 1 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by WO 2022/028556. The reference claims priority from Foreign Application #: CN202010789162.3, filed 07 Aug 2020. The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims: PNG media_image34.png 128 208 media_image34.png Greyscale (pg. 17) Claim(s) 1-3 and 6-7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by WO 2022/076975. The reference claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application #: 62/087,763, filed 05 Oct 2020. The reference teaches the following species in reference claim 18 which anticipate the instant claims: PNG media_image35.png 634 604 media_image35.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by CN 111848506. The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims (pg. 31): PNG media_image36.png 113 537 media_image36.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1-5 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Naud et al. (J Med Chem, 2013, 56:10045-10065). The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims: PNG media_image37.png 541 178 media_image37.png Greyscale (pg. 10049, Table 1) PNG media_image38.png 1255 257 media_image38.png Greyscale (pg. 10051-10052, Table 2) Claim(s) 1-3 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Hanan et al. (J Med Chem, 2014, 57:10176-10191; provided in IDS 05/01/25). The reference teaches the following species which read on the instant claims (pg. 10179, Table 2): PNG media_image39.png 321 186 media_image39.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1-5 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Li et al. (Eur J Med Chem, 2015, 93:523-538; provided in IDS 05/01/25). The reference teaches the following species which read on the instant claims (pg. 532, Table 4): PNG media_image40.png 306 511 media_image40.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Zak et al. (J Med Chem, 2016, 59:8345-8368). The reference teaches the following species which anticipates the instant claims (pg. 8349, Table 3): PNG media_image41.png 69 176 media_image41.png Greyscale where X is NH2. Claim(s) 1 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Chan et al. (J Med Chem, 2016, 59:9080-9093). The reference teaches Compounds 9-10 and 12-13 which anticipate the instant claims (pg. 9084, Table 4): PNG media_image42.png 346 224 media_image42.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Pawar et al. (J Heterocyclic Chem, 2018, 55:1515-1821; provided in IDS 05/01/25). The reference teaches the following species which anticipate the instant claims (pg. 1696, Scheme 1): PNG media_image43.png 59 146 media_image43.png Greyscale Where R1 is – PNG media_image44.png 140 246 media_image44.png Greyscale Claim(s) 1 and 7 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Saini et al. (Chem Biol Drug Des, 2020, 96:921-930). The reference teaches the following species which anticipates the instant claims (Fig. S1B): PNG media_image45.png 359 476 media_image45.png Greyscale Conclusion No claim is allowed. Correspondence Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Jonathan D. Mahlum whose telephone number is (703)756-4691. The examiner can normally be reached 8:30 AM - 5:00 PM ET, M-F. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Andrew Kosar can be reached at (571) 272-0913. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /J.D.M./Examiner, Art Unit 1625 /Andrew D Kosar/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 1625
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jun 14, 2023
Application Filed
Mar 30, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
54%
Grant Probability
71%
With Interview (+16.7%)
3y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 22 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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