Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/321,713

PIXEL AND ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODE DISPLAY HAVING A BYPASS TRANSISTOR TO OUTPUT A VARIABLE VOLTAGE

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
May 22, 2023
Examiner
PHAM, LONG D
Art Unit
2623
Tech Center
2600 — Communications
Assignee
Samsung Display Co., Ltd.
OA Round
7 (Non-Final)
77%
Grant Probability
Favorable
7-8
OA Rounds
2y 5m
To Grant
93%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 77% — above average
77%
Career Allow Rate
633 granted / 826 resolved
+14.6% vs TC avg
Strong +16% interview lift
Without
With
+16.1%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 5m
Avg Prosecution
32 currently pending
Career history
858
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.3%
-39.7% vs TC avg
§103
58.7%
+18.7% vs TC avg
§102
30.1%
-9.9% vs TC avg
§112
6.5%
-33.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 826 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 A request for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, including the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e), was filed in this application after final rejection. Since this application is eligible for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, and the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e) has been timely paid, the finality of the previous Office action has been withdrawn pursuant to 37 CFR 1.114. Applicant's submission filed on January 13, 2026 has been entered. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1-4 and 7-8 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kwak (U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2010/0013816; already of record) in view of Yamashita (U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2006/0022305; already of record in IDS). Regarding claim 1, Kwak discloses a pixel (110), (fig. 2, [0036]), comprising: an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) connected to a first voltage line (ELVSS) configured to apply a first power voltage (ELVSS), (fig. 2, [0036]); a first transistor (T3) configured to transmit a driving current to the OLED, wherein the first transistor has a gate electrode connected to a first node (N2) and wherein the first transistor is connected between a second node (i.e. node between T3 and T6) and a third node (N1), (fig. 2, [0042]); a second transistor (T2) connected between a data line (Dm) and the third node (N1) and having a gate electrode connected to a corresponding scan line (Sn), (fig. 2, [0041]); a storage capacitor (C1) connected between the first node (N2) and a second voltage line (ELVDD) configured to apply a second power voltage (ELVDD), (fig. 2, [0047]); a first capacitor (C2) connected between the first node (N2) and the gate electrode of the second transistor (T2), (fig. 2, [0048]); a third transistor (T4) connected between the first node (N2) and the second node and having a gate electrode connected to the corresponding scan line (Sn), (fig. 2, [0043]); a fourth transistor (T5) connected between the second voltage line (ELVDD) and the third node (N1) and having a gate electrode connected to a light-emitting control line (En), (fig. 2, [0044]); a fifth transistor (T6) connected between the second node and the OLED and having a gate electrode connected to the light-emitting control line (En), (fig. 2, [0045]); a sixth transistor (T7) connected to the first node (N2) and having a gate electrode connected to a previous scan line (Sn-1), (fig. 2, [0046]); and a seventh transistor (T1) connected between an anode electrode of the OLED and a third voltage line (Vinit) configured to apply a third power voltage (Vinit), (fig. 2, [0037]). However, Kwak does not mention a variable third power voltage of two or more voltage levels. In a similar field of endeavor, Yamashita teaches: a seventh transistor (TR5) connected between an anode electrode of the OLED (42) and a third voltage line (45) configured to apply a variable third power voltage (RAMP 60) of two or more voltage levels (i.e. ramp voltage line 45 applies a ramp voltage RAMP to transistor TR5 through capacitor C2 which has multiple voltage levels decreasing monotonically) determined based on a characteristic of a panel (i.e. based on the light emission period of the display panel 4), such that the two or more voltage levels (i.e. ramp voltage RAMP has multiple decreasing voltage levels) are configured to be applied to the seventh transistor (TR5) during an entire duration of respective light-emitting periods (i.e. RAMP voltage is applied during light emission periods of a first frame and frames following the first frame), (figs. 2-3, [0160, 0169-0170 and 0175]), wherein the third power voltage (RAMP 60) is less than the first power voltage (CV) (i.e. voltage RAMP decreases below voltage CV during light emission period), (fig. 3, [0169 and 0175]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak, by specifically providing the variable third power voltage, as taught by Yamashita, for the purpose of reducing variation of brightness attributable to time-related or temperature-related variation with no increase in power consumption, [0024]. Regarding claim 2, Kwak discloses wherein the sixth transistor (T7) is connected to the third voltage line (Vinit), (fig. 2, [0046]). Regarding claim 3, Yamashita discloses wherein the third power voltage (RAMP) is configured to be supplied by a variable voltage supply source configured to supply a DC voltage (i.e. direct-current component of the ramp voltage), (fig. 3, [0606]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak, by specifically providing the variable voltage, as taught by Yamashita, for the purpose of reducing variation of brightness attributable to time-related or temperature-related variation with no increase in power consumption, [0024]. Regarding claim 4, Yamashita discloses wherein the third voltage line (45) is connected to a variable power source (RAMP) and wherein the variable power source is configured to be controlled when the OLED (42) emits light (i.e. the voltage RAMP is controlled to decrease monotonically during the light emission period), (figs. 2-3, [0175]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak, by specifically providing the variable power source, as taught by Yamashita, for the purpose of reducing variation of brightness attributable to time-related or temperature-related variation with no increase in power consumption, [0024]. Regarding claim 7, Kwak discloses wherein: a gate electrode of the seventh transistor (T1) is connected to the corresponding scan line (Sn-1), and wherein the third power voltage (Vinit) is configured to be applied to the anode electrode of the OLED while a scan signal (Sn-1) transmitted from the corresponding scan line (Sn-1) is transmitted with a voltage level (i.e. low voltage) for turning on the seventh transistor (T1), (figs. 2-3, [0036-0037]). Regarding claim 8, Kwak discloses wherein a gate electrode of the seventh transistor (T1) is connected to the previous scan line (Sn-1), and wherein the third power voltage (Vinit) is configured to be applied to the anode electrode of the OLED while a scan signal transmitted from the previous scan line (Sn-1) is transmitted with a voltage level (i.e. low voltage level) for turning on the seventh transistor (T1), (figs. 2-3, [0038-0039]). Claim(s) 5-6 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kwak in view of Yamashita and in view of Osame et al (U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2005/0259093; already of record in IDS). Regarding claim 5, Kwak in view of Yamashita discloses everything as specified above in claim 1. However, Kwak in view of Yamashita does not mention wherein a gate electrode and a source electrode of the seventh transistor are both connected to a node formed between the first transistor and the OLED. In a similar field of endeavor, Osame teaches wherein a gate electrode and a source electrode of the seventh transistor (gate and source of P-channel transistor of fig. 2c) are both connected to a node (P1) formed between the first transistor (14) and the OLED (15), (figs. 1 and 2c, [0041-0042 and 0050-0051]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak in view of Yamashita, by specifically providing the gate electrode and a source electrode of the seventh transistor are both connected to a node formed between the first transistor and the OLED, as taught by Osame, for the purpose of having a pass element to allow the off current o flow outside, [0009]. Regarding claim 6, Osame discloses wherein a gate electrode of the seventh transistor (20) is connected to a DC voltage supply source (12), (fig. 6a, [0089]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak in view of Yamashita, by specifically providing the gate of the seventh transistor connected to a DC voltage supply source, as taught by Osame, for the purpose of having a pass element to allow the off current o flow outside, [0009]. Claim(s) 9-12 and 15-16 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kwak in view of Yamashita and in view of Choi et al (U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2011/0084958; already of record). Regarding claim 9, Kwak discloses an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display (fig. 1, [0028]), comprising: a scan driver (200) configured to transmit a plurality of scan signals to a plurality of scan lines (S0-Sn), (fig. 1, [0033]); a data driver (300) configured to transmit a plurality of data signals to a plurality of data lines (D1-Dm), (fig. 1, [0034]); an emission control driver (200) configured to transmit a plurality of light emission control signals to a plurality of emission control lines (E1-En), (fig. 1, [0033]); a display unit (100) comprising a plurality of pixels (110) that are connected to corresponding scan lines (S0-Sn), corresponding data lines (D1-Dm) and corresponding emission control lines (E1-En), wherein the display unit is configured to display an image by emitting light according to the data signals and the light emission control signals, (fig. 1, [0029-0031]); a power supply configured to respectively supply a first power voltage (ELVSS), a second power voltage (ELVDD), and a third power voltage (Vinit) to the pixels (110) via first, second, and third voltage lines (ELVSS, ELVDD and Vinit, respectively), (figs. 1-2, [0032 and 0037]); and wherein the pixels (110) respectively comprise: an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) connected to the first voltage line (ELVSS) configured to apply the first power voltage (ELVSS), (fig. 2, [0036]); a first transistor (T3) configured to transmit a driving current to the OLED, wherein the first transistor has a gate electrode connected to a first node (N2) and wherein the first transistor is connected between a second node (i.e. node between T3 and T6) and a third node (N1), (fig. 2, [0042]); a second transistor (T2) connected between a data line (Dm) and the third node (N1) and having a gate electrode connected to a corresponding scan line (Sn), (fig. 2, [0041]); a storage capacitor (C1) connected between the first node (N2) and the second voltage line (ELVDD) configured to apply the second power voltage (ELVDD), (fig. 2, [0047]); a first capacitor (C2) connected between the first node (N2) and the gate electrode of the second transistor (T2), (fig. 2, [0048]); a third transistor (T4) connected between the first node (N2) and the second node and having a gate electrode connected to the corresponding scan line (Sn), (fig. 2, [0043]); a fourth transistor (T5) connected between the second voltage line (ELVDD) and the third node (N1) and having a gate electrode connected to a light-emitting control line (En), (fig. 2, [0044]); a fifth transistor (T6) connected between the second node and the OLED and having a gate electrode connected to the light-emitting control line (En), (fig. 2, [0045]); a sixth transistor (T7) connected to the first node (N2) and having a gate electrode connected to a previous scan line (Sn-1), (fig. 2, [0046]); and the seventh transistor (T1) connected between an anode electrode of the OLED and the third voltage line (Vinit), (fig. 2, [0037]). However, Kwak does not mention the third power voltage being a variable power voltage of two or more voltage levels determined based on a characteristic of a panel. In a similar field of endeavor, Yamashita teaches: a power supply (8) configured to supply a third power voltage (RAMP) to the pixels via the third voltage lines (45), the third power voltage being a variable power voltage of two or more voltage levels (i.e. ramp voltage line 45 applies a ramp voltage RAMP to transistor TR5 through capacitor C2 which has multiple voltage levels decreasing monotonically) determined based on a characteristic of a panel (i.e. based on the light emission period of the display panel 4) such that the two or more voltage levels are configured to be applied to a seventh transistor (TR5) during an entire duration of respective light-emitting periods (i.e. RAMP voltage is applied during light emission periods of a first frame and frames following the first frame), (figs. 1-3, [0160, 0169-0170 and 0175]), wherein the third power voltage (RAMP 60) is less than the first power voltage (CV), (i.e. voltage RAMP decreases below voltage CV during light emission period), (fig. 3, [0169 and 0175]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak, by specifically providing the variable third power voltage, as taught by Yamashita, for the purpose of reducing variation of brightness attributable to time-related or temperature-related variation with no increase in power consumption, [0024]. However, Kwak in view of Yamashita does not mention the controller configured to control the power supply. In a similar field of endeavor, Choi teaches: a controller (150) configured to i) control the scan driver (110), the data driver (120), the emission control driver (110), and the power supply (160), ii) generate the data signals, iii) supply the generated data signals to the data driver (120), iv) generate a control signal for controlling the emission control driver (110), and v) transmit the generated control signal to the emission control driver, (figs. 1 and 5, [0027-0033 and 0060]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak in view of Yamashita, by specifically providing the controller for controlling the power supply, as taught by Choi, for the purpose of controlling different modes of the display, [0009]. Regarding claim 10, Kwak discloses wherein the sixth transistor (T7) is connected to the third voltage line (Vinit), (fig. 2, [0046]). Regarding claim 11, Choi discloses wherein the controller (150) is configured to control the power supply (160) to generate the third power voltage (Vint) as a DC voltage, (figs. 1 and 5, [0027 and 0059]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak in view of Yamashita, by specifically providing the controller for controlling the power supply, as taught by Choi, for the purpose of controlling different modes of the display, [0009]. Regarding claim 12, Yamashita discloses wherein the controller (7) is configured to control the power supply (8) to change the third power voltage (i.e. change in RAMP voltage) when the OLED emits light (i.e. during the light emission period), (fig. 3, [0163 and 0175]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak in view of Yamashita, by specifically providing the controller for controlling the power supply, as taught by Yamashita, for the purpose of reducing variation of brightness attributable to time-related or temperature-related variation with no increase in power consumption, [0024]. Regarding claim 15, Kwak discloses wherein a gate electrode of the seventh transistor (T1) is connected to the corresponding scan line (Sn-1), and wherein the third power voltage (Vinit) is configured to be applied to the anode electrode of the OLED while a scan signal (Sn-1) transmitted from the corresponding scan line (Sn-1) is transmitted with a voltage level (i.e. low voltage) for turning on the seventh transistor (T1), (fig. 2, [0037-0038]). Regarding claim 16, Kwak discloses wherein: a gate electrode of the seventh transistor (T1) is connected to the previous scan line (Sn-1), and wherein the third power voltage (Vinit) is configured to be applied to the anode electrode of the OLED while a scan signal transmitted from the previous scan line (Sn-1) is transmitted with a voltage level (i.e. low voltage level) for turning on the seventh transistor (T1), (figs. 2-3, [0037-0039]). Claim(s) 13-14 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kwak in view of Yamashita in view of Choi and in view of Osame. Regarding claim 13, Kwak in view of Yamashita and in view of Choi discloses everything as specified above in claim 9. However, Kwak in view of Yamashita and in view of Choi does not mention wherein a gate electrode and a source electrode of the seventh transistor are both connected to a node formed between the first transistor and the OLED. In a similar field of endeavor, Osame teaches wherein a gate electrode and a source electrode of the seventh transistor (i.e. gate and source of P-channel transistor of fig. 2c) are both connected to a node (P1) formed between the first transistor (14) and the OLED (15), (figs. 1 and 2c, [0041-0042 and 0050-0051]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak in view of Yamashita and in view of Choi, by specifically providing the gate electrode and a source electrode of the seventh transistor are both connected to a node formed between the first transistor and the OLED, as taught by Osame, for the purpose of having a pass element to allow the off current to flow outside, [0009]. Regarding claim 14, Osame discloses wherein a gate electrode of the seventh transistor (20) is connected to a DC voltage supply source (12), (fig. 6a, [0089]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify Kwak in view of Yamashita and in view of Choi, by specifically providing the gate of the seventh transistor connected to a DC voltage supply source, as taught by Osame, for the purpose of having a pass element to allow the off current to flow outside, [0009]. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claim(s) 1 and 9 have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. In view of amendment, the reference of Yamashita has been added for new grounds of rejection. Inquiries Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to LONG D PHAM whose telephone number is (571)270-5573. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday: 9am-5pm EST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Chanh D Nguyen can be reached at 571-272-7772. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /LONG D PHAM/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2623
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

May 22, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 23, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Apr 29, 2024
Response Filed
Jul 08, 2024
Final Rejection — §103
Aug 14, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Aug 28, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Aug 28, 2024
Examiner Interview (Telephonic)
Sep 11, 2024
Request for Continued Examination
Oct 02, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Oct 13, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Dec 17, 2024
Response Filed
Feb 13, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Apr 03, 2025
Interview Requested
Apr 09, 2025
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Apr 09, 2025
Examiner Interview Summary
Apr 15, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
May 15, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
May 16, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
May 30, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Aug 25, 2025
Response Filed
Oct 21, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Dec 18, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Jan 13, 2026
Request for Continued Examination
Jan 27, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 03, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

7-8
Expected OA Rounds
77%
Grant Probability
93%
With Interview (+16.1%)
2y 5m
Median Time to Grant
High
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