Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/433,437

CAPACITOR STRUCTURE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Final Rejection §102§103
Filed
Feb 06, 2024
Examiner
SINCLAIR, DAVID M
Art Unit
2847
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
UNITED MICROELECTRONICS CORPORATION
OA Round
4 (Final)
68%
Grant Probability
Favorable
5-6
OA Rounds
2y 7m
To Grant
87%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 68% — above average
68%
Career Allow Rate
833 granted / 1232 resolved
At TC average
Strong +20% interview lift
Without
With
+19.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 7m
Avg Prosecution
42 currently pending
Career history
1274
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.2%
-39.8% vs TC avg
§103
49.6%
+9.6% vs TC avg
§102
30.0%
-10.0% vs TC avg
§112
12.8%
-27.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1232 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to the claim(s) have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1, 3-4, 6, 8-9, 11-14, 17, & 20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Lu et al. (US 2021/0013143). In regards to claim 1, Lu ‘143 discloses A capacitor structure, comprising: a semiconductor substrate (160 – fig. 1-2 & 10; [0147]); a stack structure comprising at least one first dielectric layer (12 – fig. 2; [0120]) and at least one second dielectric layer (11 – fig. 2; [0120]) alternately disposed on the semiconductor substrate, wherein there is a trench in the at least one first dielectric layer, the at least one second dielectric layer, and the semiconductor substrate (seen in fig. 1-2. 10, & 17), and the trench has at least one recess (seen in fig. 1-2, 10, & 17) on at least one sidewall of the at least one first dielectric layer, a capacitor (122/124/150 – fig. 7; [0136] & [0269]) disposed on a surface of the trench; and a third dielectric layer (123 – fig. 7; [0136] & [0269]) disposed between the capacitor and the semiconductor substrate and between the capacitor and the stack structure, wherein the trench does not have a recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one second dielectric layer (fig. 1-2, 10, & 17), the at least one first dielectric layer or the at least one second dielectric layer is in direct contact with the semiconductor substrate (fig. 1-2, 10, & 17), and the at least one first dielectric layer is in direct contact with the at least one second dielectric layer (fig. 1-2, 10, & 17), a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on one side of the trench has the same height as a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on another side of the trench (fig. 1-2, 10, & 17), and a material of one of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer comprises silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or silicon nitride carbide ([0120]). In regards to claim 3, Lu ‘143 discloses The capacitor structure according to claim 1, wherein the trench does not have a recess on a sidewall of the semiconductor substrate (fig. 10). In regards to claim 4, Lu ‘143 discloses The capacitor structure according to claim 1, wherein a sidewall of the semiconductor substrate exposed by the trench is a flat surface (fig. 10). In regards to claim 6, Lu ‘143 discloses The capacitor structure according to claim 1, wherein at least one sidewall of the at least one second dielectric layer exposed by the trench is a flat surface (fig. 10). In regards to claim 8, Lu ‘143 discloses The capacitor structure according to claim 1, discloses wherein the second dielectric layer closest to the semiconductor substrate is located between the first dielectric layer closest to the semiconductor substrate and the semiconductor substrate (fig. 1-2 & 10). In regards to claim 9, Lu ‘143 discloses The capacitor structure according to claim 1, wherein the capacitor is further disposed on a top surface of the stack structure (fig. 7). In regards to claim 11, Lu ‘143 discloses A manufacturing method of a capacitor structure, comprising: providing a semiconductor substrate (160 – fig. 1-2 & 10; [0147]); forming a stack structure, wherein the stack structure comprises at least one first dielectric layer (12 – fig. 2; [0120]) and at least one second dielectric layer (11 – fig. 2; [0120]) alternately disposed on the semiconductor substrate; forming a trench in the at least one first dielectric layer, the at least one second dielectric layer, and the semiconductor substrate (seen in fig. 1-2. 10, & 17), and the trench has at least one recess (seen in fig. 1-2, 10, & 17) on at least one sidewall of the at least one first dielectric layer, forming a capacitor (122/124/150 – fig. 7; [0136] & [0269]) on a surface of the trench, forming a third dielectric layer (123 – fig. 7; [0136] & [0269]) between the capacitor and the semiconductor substrate and between the capacitor and the stack structure, wherein the trench does not have a recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one second dielectric layer (fig. 1-2, 10, & 17), the at least one first dielectric layer or the at least one second dielectric layer is in direct contact with the semiconductor substrate (fig. 1-2, 10, & 17), and the at least one first dielectric layer is in direct contact with the at least one second dielectric layer (fig. 1-2, 10, & 17), a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on one side of the trench has the same height as a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on another side of the trench (fig. 1-2, 10, & 17), and a material of one of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer comprises silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or silicon nitride carbide ([0120]). In regards to claim 12, Lu ‘143 discloses The capacitor structure according to claim 11, wherein the method for forming the trench comprises: forming a patterned photoresist layer ([0207]) on the stack structure; and using the patterned photoresist layer as a mask to remove a part of the stack structure and a part of the semiconductor substrate to form the trench ([0207]). In regards to claim 13, Lu ‘143 discloses The capacitor structure according to claim 12, wherein the method for removing the part of the stack structure and the part of the semiconductor substrate comprises dry etching ([0207]). In regards to claim 14, Lu ‘143 discloses The capacitor structure according to claim 12, further comprising: removing the patterned photoresist layer after forming the trench ([0207]). In regards to claim 17, Lu ‘143 discloses The capacitor structure according to claim 11, wherein the capacitor is further disposed on a top surface of the stack structure (fig. 7). In regards to claim 20, Lu ‘143 discloses The capacitor structure according to claim 11, wherein the second dielectric layer closest to the semiconductor substrate is located between the first dielectric layer closest to the semiconductor substrate and the semiconductor substrate (fig. 1-2 & 10). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. The factual inquiries for establishing a background for determining obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103 are summarized as follows: 1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art. 2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue. 3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art. 4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness. Claim(s) 2 & 15-16 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Lu ‘143 in view of Chi et al. (US 5,976,945). In regards to claim 2, Lu ‘143 fails to disclose wherein a cross-sectional contour of the at least one recess comprises a curved surface. Chi ‘945 discloses wherein a cross-sectional contour of the at least one recess comprises a curved surface (fig. 3-4). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art prior to the effective filing date of the claimed invention to form a recesses of Lu ‘143 to have curved surfaces as taught by Chi ‘945 to allow for an increased surface area. In regards to claim 15, Lu ‘143 fails to disclose explicitly wherein the method of forming the at least one recess comprises: performing an isotropic etching process on the at least one first dielectric layer to form the at least one recess. Chi ‘945 discloses wherein the method of forming the at least one recess comprises: performing an isotropic etching process on the at least one first dielectric layer to form the at least one recess (C3:L32-35). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art prior to the effective filing date of the claimed invention to form a recesses of Lu ‘143 using an isotropic method to obtain recesses that have curved surfaces as taught by Chi ‘945 to allow for an increased surface area. In regards to claim 16, Lu ‘143 as modified by Chi ‘945 further discloses wherein the isotropic etching process comprises a dry etching process or a wet etching process (C3:L32-35 of Chi ‘945). Claim(s) 1, 3-4, 6-7, 9-14, & 17-19is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kuo (US 2023/0063050) in view of Kao et al. (US 2023/0019688). In regards to claim 1, Kuo ‘050 discloses a capacitor structure, comprising: a semiconductor substrate (8 – fig. 1; [0021]); wherein there is a trench (fig. 2; [0023]) in the semiconductor substrate, and a capacitor (30 – fig. 2; [0032]) disposed on a surface of the trench; and a third dielectric layer (6 – fig. 2; [0031] of Kuo ‘050) disposed between the capacitor and the semiconductor substrate and between the capacitor and the stack structure. Kuo ‘050 fails to discloses a stack structure comprising at least one first dielectric layer and at least one second dielectric layer alternately disposed on the semiconductor substrate, wherein there is a trench in the at least one first dielectric layer and the at least one second dielectric layer, and the trench has at least one recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one first dielectric layer, wherein the trench does not have a recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one second dielectric layer, the at least one first dielectric layer or the at least one second dielectric layer is in direct contact with the semiconductor substrate, and the at least one first dielectric layer is in direct contact with the at least one second dielectric layer, a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on one side of the trench has the same height as a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on another side of the trench, and a material of one of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer comprises silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or silicon nitride carbide. Kao ‘688 discloses capacitor structure, comprising: a substrate (202– fig. 9; [0050]); a stack structure comprising at least one first dielectric layer (302L – fig. 3; [0053-0054]) and at least one second dielectric layer (304L – fig. 3; [0053-0054]) alternately disposed on the substrate, wherein there is a trench (fig. 4-5) in the at least one first dielectric layer and the at least one second dielectric layer, and the trench has at least one recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one first dielectric layer (fig. 5); and a capacitor (fig. 9; [0066]) disposed on a surface of the trench, wherein the trench does not have a recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one second dielectric layer (fig. 4-5), the at least one first dielectric layer or the at least one second dielectric layer is in direct contact with the substrate (fig. 3), and the at least one first dielectric layer is in direct contact with the at least one second dielectric layer (fig. 3), a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on one side of the trench has the same height as a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on another side of the trench (fig. 4), and a material of one of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer comprises silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or silicon nitride carbide ([0054]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art prior to the effective filing date of the claimed invention to form a stack with trench and recess as taught by Kao ‘688 with the trench of Kuo ‘050 to obtain a capacitor with a greater capacitance density. In regards to claim 3, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Kao ‘688 further discloses wherein the trench does not have a recess on a sidewall of the semiconductor substrate (fig. 1 of Kuo ‘050). In regards to claim 4, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Kao ‘688 further discloses wherein a sidewall of the semiconductor substrate exposed by the trench is a flat surface (fig. 1 of Kuo ‘050). In regards to claim 6, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Kao ‘688 further discloses wherein at least one sidewall of the at least one second dielectric layer exposed by the trench is a flat surface (fig. 4-5 of Kao ‘688). In regards to claim 7, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Kao ‘688further discloses wherein the first dielectric layer closest to the semiconductor substrate is located between the second dielectric layer closest to the semiconductor substrate and the semiconductor substrate (fig. 3 of Kao ‘688). In regards to claim 9, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Kao ‘688 further discloses wherein the capacitor is further disposed on a top surface of the stack structure (fig. 2 of Kuo ‘050). In regards to claim 10, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Kao ‘688 further discloses further comprising: a fourth dielectric layer (34 – fig. 2; [0031] of Kuo ‘050) disposed on the capacitor and filled in the trench. In regards to claim 11, Kuo ‘050 discloses a manufacturing method of a capacitor structure, comprising: providing a semiconductor substrate (8 – fig. 1; [0021]); forming a trench in the semiconductor substrate (fig. 2; [0023]); and forming a capacitor (30 – fig. 2; [0032]) on a surface of the trench, forming a third dielectric layer (6 – fig. 2; [0031]) between the capacitor and the semiconductor substrate and between the capacitor and the stack structure. Kuo ‘050 fails to disclose forming a stack structure, wherein the stack structure comprises at least one first dielectric layer and at least one second dielectric layer alternately disposed on the semiconductor substrate; forming a trench in the at least one first dielectric layer, the at least one second dielectric layer, wherein the trench has at least one recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one first dielectric layer; wherein the trench does not have a recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one second dielectric layer, wherein the trench does not have a recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one second dielectric layer, the at least one first dielectric layer or the at least one second dielectric layer is indirect contact with the semiconductor substrate, and the at least one first dielectric layer is in direct contact with the at least one second dielectric layer a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on one side of the trench has the same height as a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on another side of the trench, and a material of one of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer comprises silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or silicon nitride carbide. Kao ‘688 discloses a manufacturing method of a capacitor structure, comprising: providing a substrate (202– fig. 9; [0050]); forming a stack structure, wherein the stack structure comprises at least one first dielectric layer (302L – fig. 3; [0053-0054]) and at least one second dielectric layer (304L – fig. 3; [0053-0054]) alternately disposed on the substrate; forming a trench (fig. 4-5) in the at least one first dielectric layer and the at least one second dielectric layer, wherein the trench has at least one recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one first dielectric layer (fig. 5); and forming a capacitor (fig. 9; [0066]) on a surface of the trench, wherein the trench does not have a recess on at least one sidewall of the at least one second dielectric layer (fig. 4-5), the at least one first dielectric layer or the at least one second dielectric layer is indirect contact with the semiconductor substrate (fig. 3), and the at least one first dielectric layer is in direct contact with the at least one second dielectric layer (fig. 3), a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on one side of the trench has the same height as a bottom surface of the at least one first dielectric layer located on another side of the trench (fig. 4), and a material of one of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer comprises silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or silicon nitride carbide ([0054]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art prior to the effective filing date of the claimed invention to form a stack with trench and recess as taught by Kao ‘688 with the trench of Kuo ‘050 to obtain a capacitor with a greater capacitance density. In regards to claim 12, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Kao ‘688 further discloses wherein the method for forming the trench comprises: forming a patterned photoresist layer ([0056-0057] of Kao ‘688) on the stack structure; and using the patterned photoresist layer as a mask to remove a part of the stack structure and a part of the semiconductor substrate to form the trench ([0056-0057] of Kao ‘688). In regards to claim 13, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Shue ‘735 further discloses wherein the method for removing the part of the stack structure and the part of the semiconductor substrate comprises dry etching ([0056-0057] of Kao ‘688). In regards to claim 14, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Shue ‘735 further discloses further comprising: removing the patterned photoresist layer after forming the trench ([0057] of Kao ‘688). In regards to claim 17, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Kao ‘688 further discloses wherein the capacitor is further formed on a top surface of the stack structure (fig. 2 of Kuo ‘050). In regards to claim 18, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Kao ‘688 further discloses further comprising: forming a fourth dielectric layer (34 – fig. 2; [0031] of Kuo ‘050) on the capacitor, wherein the fourth dielectric layer is filled in the trench. In regards to claim 19, Kuo ‘050 as modified by Kao ‘688 further discloses wherein the first dielectric layer closest to the semiconductor substrate is located between the second dielectric layer closest to the semiconductor substrate and the semiconductor substrate (fig. 3 of Kao ‘688). Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. US 2019/0206696 – fig. 1 US 10,510,877 – fig. 2 Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Communication Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to DAVID M SINCLAIR whose telephone number is (571)270-5068. The examiner can normally be reached M-TH from 8AM-4PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Timothy Dole can be reached at (571) 272-2229. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /David M Sinclair/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2848
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Feb 06, 2024
Application Filed
Jun 25, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103
Aug 01, 2025
Response Filed
Oct 02, 2025
Final Rejection — §102, §103
Nov 25, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Dec 02, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Dec 04, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103
Jan 02, 2026
Interview Requested
Jan 08, 2026
Examiner Interview Summary
Jan 08, 2026
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Feb 09, 2026
Response Filed
Mar 05, 2026
Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

5-6
Expected OA Rounds
68%
Grant Probability
87%
With Interview (+19.6%)
2y 7m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 1232 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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