Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/449,511

BATTERY CELL, BATTERY AND ELECTRICAL DEVICE

Final Rejection §103
Filed
Aug 14, 2023
Examiner
YANCHUK, STEPHEN J
Art Unit
1752
Tech Center
1700 — Chemical & Materials Engineering
Assignee
CONTEMPORARY AMPEREX TECHNOLOGY CO., LIMITED
OA Round
2 (Final)
50%
Grant Probability
Moderate
3-4
OA Rounds
4y 11m
To Grant
90%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 50% of resolved cases
50%
Career Allow Rate
251 granted / 499 resolved
-14.7% vs TC avg
Strong +40% interview lift
Without
With
+40.0%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
4y 11m
Avg Prosecution
16 currently pending
Career history
515
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.5%
-38.5% vs TC avg
§103
51.5%
+11.5% vs TC avg
§102
21.6%
-18.4% vs TC avg
§112
20.0%
-20.0% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 499 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Election/Restrictions Applicant’s election without traverse of Species 2 in the reply filed on 2/11/2026 is acknowledged. Claim 13 is currently withdrawn as being drawn to an unelected species. Claim 2-12, 14-15 are currently pending. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claim(s) 1 have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The text of those sections of Title 35, U.S. Code not included in this action can be found in a prior Office action. Claim(s) 2-12, 14-15 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Pan et al (PGPUB 2022/0367978) and further in view of Hashizaki et al (JP 2010/212155). Claim 15: Pan teaches a first battery (1) and second battery (2) that are joined by a first bus bar component (30) [Fig 1]. Each of the battery cells comprise a recess (11) which comprises the scope of applicant’s first surface, second surface, and third surface [Fig 2; 0050-0061]. A first electrode terminal arranged at the second surface protrudes in the first direction and facing the first recess [Fig 1-2]. The depths, height, directions, and projection areas articulated by the claim are met by teaching of the prior art for showing the same battery terminal configuration in a recess; adjustments to relative shape of the inventive concept as presented by the prior art would be obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art under MPEP 2144.04 in order to improve the fit and security of the terminals in the embodiment during operation of the device. A bus bar competent (30) electrically connects two electrode terminals of the batteries [Fig 2]. The bus bar comprises a first and second end (31, 33) with a portion that connects the first and second end after bend portions (32) [Fig 2]. Pan teaches a bus bar connecting two adjacent battery cells to comprise a first bending region to be connected the first end and a second bending portion connected to a second end, but is silent to teach a middle region having one or more reinforcing ribs. Hashizaki teaches a terminal connection member and assembled battery [0001] wherein the terminal connection member comprises a feature which reads on a “rib” [Fig 5]. It would have been obvious at the time of invention to modify the flat connecting portion of the bus bar of Pan to have the shape as taught by Hashizaki in order to suppress the increase in contact resistance by suppressing a temperature rise between the electrode terminals during charge and discharge [0005-0015]. Claim 2-4: Pan teaches the first battery length (d) to be 400mm-2500mm and the proportion of the width (e) and height (f) to be 2e<d<50e [0071-0078]. Pan is silent to teach the specifics of the first recess. One having ordinary skill in the art would recognize a need to have the dimensions of the recess enough to create space for the battery external terminal and the bus bar as shown in Fig 2 while allowing for internal support of the cell tab (142) [Fig 3-4; 0062-0063]. It is obvious for one having ordinary skill in the art at the time of filing to discover workable ranges of the dimensions of the recess in order to maintain structural integrity, maximize energy density, and allow for easy manufacturing that avoids short circuits MPEP 2144.05 II A. Additionally, it is obvious to change the sizes and proportions of elements within a known structure to apply the inventive concept of prior art teachings to different proportions MPEP 2144.04 IV A – as the size of the casing is changed within the range of Pan, so to will the relative recess size in order to accommodate the inventive concepts taught within the prior art. Claim 5: Pan teaches a case (152) with a void region (153) to accommodate a battery cell and its electrode assembly therein (141) and an end cover (151) to cover the assembly whereby the surfaces that are present as taught [Fig 3; 0024-0035, 0056-0061]. Claim 6: Pan teaches a region of the end cover corresponding to the electrode assembly protrudes in a direction facing away from the case so as to form a groove on a side of the end cover facing the case [Fig 3-4]. Claim 7: Pan teaches a groove configured to position the electrode assembly when assembled [Fig 3-4]. Claim 8: Pan teaches a contouring line between an edge region of the end cover and the groove [Fig 3-4]. The recitation of “configured to” is not positively recited structural limitations as the weld does not need to be present – thus limitations pertaining to the process of welding are not further limiting. Additionally, these product by process limitations fail to further limit the structure features of the groove and line. A weld and a welding trajectory are not positively recited structural features required by the scope of the instant claim due to applicant’s selection of “configured to” language. The prior art meets all positively recited structural limitations. Claim 9: Pan teaches a position capable of being welded and an edge of an end cover [Fig 3-4] [0059-0063, 0095-0098]. The specific dimensions of the weld trajectory are obvious to optimize; It is obvious for one having ordinary skill in the art at the time of filing to discover workable ranges of the dimensions of the recess in order to maintain structural integrity, maximize energy density, and allow for easy manufacturing that avoids short circuits MPEP 2144.05 II A. Claim 10: Pan teaches a groove, but is silent to teach its depth. It is obvious for one having ordinary skill in the art at the time of filing to discover workable ranges of the dimensions of the recess in order to maintain structural integrity, maximize energy density, and allow for easy manufacturing that avoids short circuits MPEP 2144.05 II A. Additionally, it is obvious to change the sizes and proportions of elements within a known structure to apply the inventive concept of prior art teachings to different proportions MPEP 2144.04 IV A – as the size of the casing is changed within the range of Pan, so to will the relative recess size in order to accommodate the inventive concepts taught within the prior art. Claim 11: Pan teaches at least one dimension in a cross sectional plane perpendicular to the first direction that comprises a groove dimensions that is greater than or equal to a dimension of the electrode assembly [Fig 1, 3-4]. Further: PNG media_image1.png 461 626 media_image1.png Greyscale Claim 12: Pan teaches the opposite side of the battery casing to have a second recess and terminal feature whereby the second recess corresponds to a different polarity and has the same depth and projection area considerations as the first [Fig 1; 0061-0068]. Claim 14: Electrical device is the result the plurality of battery cells being brought into connection [Fig 1]; if the scope of the claim intends to be one to include a “use of” condition such as an electric vehicle – examiner takes official notice that it is well known to use batteries to discharge a stored energy to operate an electrical device since electric starter motors were used in 1920. Discovering a secondary reference to prove electrical devices are powered by batteries is well known in the art. Claim(s) 2-12, 14-15 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Pan et al (PGPUB 2022/0367978) and further in view of Cao et al (CN 112151895 with English translation to PGPUB 2021/0104797) Claim 15: Pan teaches a first battery (1) and second battery (2) that are joined by a first bus bar component (30) [Fig 1]. Each of the battery cells comprise a recess (11) which comprises the scope of applicant’s first surface, second surface, and third surface [Fig 2; 0050-0061]. A first electrode terminal arranged at the second surface protrudes in the first direction and facing the first recess [Fig 1-2]. The depths, height, directions, and projection areas articulated by the claim are met by teaching of the prior art for showing the same battery terminal configuration in a recess; adjustments to relative shape of the inventive concept as presented by the prior art would be obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art under MPEP 2144.04 in order to improve the fit and security of the terminals in the embodiment during operation of the device. A bus bar competent (30) electrically connects two electrode terminals of the batteries [Fig 2]. The bus bar comprises a first and second end (31, 33) with a portion that connects the first and second end after bend portions (32) [Fig 2]. Pan teaches a bus bar connecting two adjacent battery cells to comprise a first bending region to be connected the first end and a second bending portion connected to a second end, but is silent to teach a middle region having one or more reinforcing ribs. Cao teaches a battery module having multiple battery units that are electrically connected [Abstract]. The inventive concept of the terminal connecting portion is depicted in Fig 3-4. The terminal connecting portion comprises a bending configuration that is interpreted to read on the presented scope of applicant’s “rib” element. The configuration of the convex and concave portions as shown in Figure 4 is to increase heat conduction [0069-0079] and be capable of having improved mechanical strength when in operation and the assembly connected with a mounting plate [0101-0106]. It would have been obvious at the time of invention to modify the flat connecting portion of the bus bar of Pan to have the shape as taught by Hashizaki in order to improve the mechanical stability and improve the heat conduction of a flat bar area [0101-0106]. Claim 2-4: Pan teaches the first battery length (d) to be 400mm-2500mm and the proportion of the width (e) and height (f) to be 2e<d<50e [0071-0078]. Pan is silent to teach the specifics of the first recess. One having ordinary skill in the art would recognize a need to have the dimensions of the recess enough to create space for the battery external terminal and the bus bar as shown in Fig 2 while allowing for internal support of the cell tab (142) [Fig 3-4; 0062-0063]. It is obvious for one having ordinary skill in the art at the time of filing to discover workable ranges of the dimensions of the recess in order to maintain structural integrity, maximize energy density, and allow for easy manufacturing that avoids short circuits MPEP 2144.05 II A. Additionally, it is obvious to change the sizes and proportions of elements within a known structure to apply the inventive concept of prior art teachings to different proportions MPEP 2144.04 IV A – as the size of the casing is changed within the range of Pan, so to will the relative recess size in order to accommodate the inventive concepts taught within the prior art. Claim 5: Pan teaches a case (152) with a void region (153) to accommodate a battery cell and its electrode assembly therein (141) and an end cover (151) to cover the assembly whereby the surfaces that are present as taught [Fig 3; 0024-0035, 0056-0061]. Claim 6: Pan teaches a region of the end cover corresponding to the electrode assembly protrudes in a direction facing away from the case so as to form a groove on a side of the end cover facing the case [Fig 3-4]. Claim 7: Pan teaches a groove configured to position the electrode assembly when assembled [Fig 3-4]. Claim 8: Pan teaches a contouring line between an edge region of the end cover and the groove [Fig 3-4]. The recitation of “configured to” is not positively recited structural limitations as the weld does not need to be present – thus limitations pertaining to the process of welding are not further limiting. Additionally, these product by process limitations fail to further limit the structure features of the groove and line. A weld and a welding trajectory are not positively recited structural features required by the scope of the instant claim due to applicant’s selection of “configured to” language. The prior art meets all positively recited structural limitations. Claim 9: Pan teaches a position capable of being welded and an edge of an end cover [Fig 3-4] [0059-0063, 0095-0098]. The specific dimensions of the weld trajectory are obvious to optimize; It is obvious for one having ordinary skill in the art at the time of filing to discover workable ranges of the dimensions of the recess in order to maintain structural integrity, maximize energy density, and allow for easy manufacturing that avoids short circuits MPEP 2144.05 II A. Claim 10: Pan teaches a groove, but is silent to teach its depth. It is obvious for one having ordinary skill in the art at the time of filing to discover workable ranges of the dimensions of the recess in order to maintain structural integrity, maximize energy density, and allow for easy manufacturing that avoids short circuits MPEP 2144.05 II A. Additionally, it is obvious to change the sizes and proportions of elements within a known structure to apply the inventive concept of prior art teachings to different proportions MPEP 2144.04 IV A – as the size of the casing is changed within the range of Pan, so to will the relative recess size in order to accommodate the inventive concepts taught within the prior art. Claim 11: Pan teaches at least one dimension in a cross sectional plane perpendicular to the first direction that comprises a groove dimensions that is greater than or equal to a dimension of the electrode assembly [Fig 1, 3-4]. Further: PNG media_image1.png 461 626 media_image1.png Greyscale Claim 12: Pan teaches the opposite side of the battery casing to have a second recess and terminal feature whereby the second recess corresponds to a different polarity and has the same depth and projection area considerations as the first [Fig 1; 0061-0068]. Claim 14: Electrical device is the result the plurality of battery cells being brought into connection [Fig 1]; if the scope of the claim intends to be one to include a “use of” condition such as an electric vehicle – examiner takes official notice that it is well known to use batteries to discharge a stored energy to operate an electrical device since electric starter motors were used in 1920. Discovering a secondary reference to prove electrical devices are powered by batteries is well known in the art. Conclusion Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to STEPHEN J YANCHUK whose telephone number is (571)270-7343. The examiner can normally be reached M-Th 10a-8p. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Nick Smith can be reached at 571-272-8760. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /STEPHEN J YANCHUK/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1752
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Prosecution Timeline

Aug 14, 2023
Application Filed
Jul 26, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Oct 17, 2025
Response Filed
Nov 24, 2025
Examiner Interview Summary
Nov 24, 2025
Examiner Interview (Telephonic)
Mar 11, 2026
Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
50%
Grant Probability
90%
With Interview (+40.0%)
4y 11m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 499 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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