Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/543,360

LIGHT EMITTING STRUCTURE FOR VEHICLE WINDOW

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Dec 18, 2023
Examiner
YEMELYANOV, DMITRIY
Art Unit
2891
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
GM Global Technology Operations LLC
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
73%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 8m
To Grant
92%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 73% — above average
73%
Career Allow Rate
393 granted / 538 resolved
+5.0% vs TC avg
Strong +19% interview lift
Without
With
+18.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 8m
Avg Prosecution
43 currently pending
Career history
581
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.2%
-39.8% vs TC avg
§103
52.4%
+12.4% vs TC avg
§102
23.2%
-16.8% vs TC avg
§112
22.4%
-17.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 538 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1-20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Sakariya et al. (US 1018/0374831 A1) in view of Mourou et al. (US 2019/0146216 A1). Regarding Claim 1, Sakariya (Fig. Fig. 5, 7, 10, 14) discloses a light emitting assembly, comprising: a light emitting element package (400) configured to emit light from a light emitting surface (sides of 450, Fig. 5A); and a reflector (132) having a reflection surface (sidewalls 114) that faces the light emitting surface (sides) and that is configured to reflect light from the light emitting element package (400). (Fig. 5A) Sakariya does not explicitly disclose that a light emitting assembly configured to be disposed within a vehicle window of a vehicle Mourou (Fig. 2) discloses a light emitting assembly (60) configured to be disposed within a vehicle window of a vehicle ( a front windshield unit 18). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a light emitting assembly in Sakariya in view of Mourou such that a light emitting assembly configured to be disposed within a vehicle window of a vehicle in order to dynamically display and dynamically update graphical images upon a window of a subject vehicle to present vehicle-related and non-vehicle-related information of various forms, including vehicle systems operation, ambient driving conditions, infotainment features, personalized occupant-specific data [0017]. Regarding Claim 2, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the light emitting assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle defines a longitudinal axis (a longitudinal axis of the vehicle 10, axis through windshield of the vehicle Mourou), wherein the light emitting assembly (400 Sakariya) forms a first angle θ (angle opposite to θ2 .i.e. 180°- θ2), and wherein the reflection surface (114 Sakariya) is configured to reflect at least some light from the light emitting element package (400 Sakariya) Sakariya in view of Mourou as previously combines does not explicitly disclose that the light emitting assembly forms a first angle θ with the longitudinal axis and the reflection surface is configured to reflect at least some light from the light emitting element package in a direction along the longitudinal axis. However, Sakariya discloses adjusting a first angle θ between −85 and −30 degrees with respect to the top surface of the substrate in order to adjust viewing angle of the system [0116, 0145]. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a light emitting assembly in Sakariya in view of Mourou such that the light emitting assembly forms a first angle θ with the longitudinal axis and the reflection surface is configured to reflect at least some light from the light emitting element package in a direction along the longitudinal axis in order to dynamically display and dynamically update graphical images upon a window of a subject vehicle to present vehicle-related and non-vehicle-related information of various forms, including vehicle systems operation, ambient driving conditions, infotainment features, personalized occupant-specific data [0017 Mourou] and adjust viewing angle of the system [0116, 0145 Sakariya]. Regarding Claim 3, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the light emitting assembly of claim 2, further comprising: a base board (100) on which the reflector (132) is disposed, wherein the reflection surface (132) forms a second angle α (θ2) with the base board (100), and wherein the reflector (132) is structured such that the second angle α (θ2) Sakariya in view of Mourou does not explicitly disclose the reflector is structured such that the second angle α satisfies an equation α=90°−θ/2. However, Sakariya discloses adjusting a first angle θ between −85 and −30 degrees with respect to the top surface of the substrate in order to adjust viewing angle of the system [0116, 0145]. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a light emitting assembly in Sakariya in view of Mourou such that the reflector is structured such that the second angle α satisfies an equation α=90°−θ/2 in order to dynamically display and dynamically update graphical images upon a window of a subject vehicle to present vehicle-related and non-vehicle-related information of various forms, including vehicle systems operation, ambient driving conditions, infotainment features, personalized occupant-specific data [0017 Mourou] and adjust viewing angle of the system [0116, 0145 Sakariya]. Regarding Claim 4, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the light emitting assembly of claim 1, further comprising: an electrode (102) electrically connected to the light emitting element package (400) and configured to supply power to the light emitting element package, wherein the reflector (132) is disposed on the electrode (102) (Fig. 7). Regarding Claim 5, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the light emitting assembly of claim 1, further comprising: a first electrode (102) extending in a first direction, and a second electrode (106) extending in a second direction different from the first direction (Fig. 10), wherein the reflector (132) is disposed on the first electrode (102) or the second electrode. Regarding Claim 6, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the light emitting assembly of claim 1, further comprising a collimator (142, 132) disposed between the light emitting element package (400) and the reflection surface of the reflector configured to converge light emitted by the light emitting element package (400) towards the reflection surface. The Examiner notes that configured to converge light emitted by the light emitting element package towards the reflection surface is considered to be met as long as collimator passes light emitted by the light emitting element package (400) towards the reflection surface Regarding Claim 7, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the light emitting assembly of claim 1, wherein the light emitting element package (400) is disposed on an integrated circuit (120). (Fig. 14). Regarding Claim 8, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the light emitting assembly of claim 1, further comprising: an electrode (horizontal part of 102) on which the reflector (132) is disposed, an insulation layer (100) on which the light emitting element package (400) and the electrode (horizontal part of 102) are disposed, and a connector (vertical part of 102) disposed in the insulation layer (100) connecting the light emitting element package (100) and the electrode (horizontal part of 102). (Fig. 10) Regarding Claim 9, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the light emitting assembly of claim 1, further comprising: a base board (100) having a mounting surface (top) on which the light emitting element package (400) is disposed, wherein the reflector (132) is a reflective layer disposed on a mounting surface of the base board. (100) Regarding Claim 10, Sakariya (Fig. 5, 7, 10, 14) discloses: a light emitting assembly (400), comprising: a light emitting element package (400) configured to emit light from a light emitting surface; and a reflector (132) having a reflection surface that faces the light emitting surface and that is configured to reflect light from the light emitting element package (See Fig. 5, 7, 10, 14). Sakariya does not explicitly disclose a vehicle window of a vehicle. Mourou (Fig. 2) discloses a vehicle window of a vehicle ( a front windshield unit 18) comprising: a light emitting assembly (60) It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a light emitting assembly in Sakariya in view of Mourou such that a vehicle window of a vehicle in order to dynamically display and dynamically update graphical images upon a window of a subject vehicle to present vehicle-related and non-vehicle-related information of various forms, including vehicle systems operation, ambient driving conditions, infotainment features, personalized occupant-specific data [0017]. Regarding Claim 11, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the vehicle window of claim 10, wherein the vehicle defines a longitudinal axis (a longitudinal axis of the vehicle 10, axis through windshield of the vehicle Mourou), wherein the light emitting assembly (400 Sakariya) forms a first angle θ (angle opposite to θ2 .i.e. 180°- θ2), and wherein the reflection surface (114 Sakariya) is configured to reflect at least some light from the light emitting element package (400 Sakariya) Sakariya in view of Mourou as previously combines does not explicitly disclose that the light emitting assembly forms a first angle θ with the longitudinal axis and the reflection surface is configured to reflect at least some light from the light emitting element package in a direction along the longitudinal axis. However, Sakariya discloses adjusting a first angle θ between −85 and −30 degrees with respect to the top surface of the substrate in order to adjust viewing angle of the system [0116, 0145]. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a light emitting assembly in Sakariya in view of Mourou such that the light emitting assembly forms a first angle θ with the longitudinal axis and the reflection surface is configured to reflect at least some light from the light emitting element package in a direction along the longitudinal axis in order to dynamically display and dynamically update graphical images upon a window of a subject vehicle to present vehicle-related and non-vehicle-related information of various forms, including vehicle systems operation, ambient driving conditions, infotainment features, personalized occupant-specific data [0017 Mourou] and adjust viewing angle of the system [0116, 0145 Sakariya]. Regarding Claim 12, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the vehicle window of claim 11, further comprising: a base board (100) on which the reflector (132) is disposed, wherein the reflection surface (132) forms a second angle α (θ2) with the base board (100), and wherein the reflector (132) is structured such that the second angle α (θ2) Sakariya in view of Mourou does not explicitly disclose the reflector is structured such that the second angle α satisfies an equation α=90°−θ/2. However, Sakariya discloses adjusting a first angle θ between −85 and −30 degrees with respect to the top surface of the substrate in order to adjust viewing angle of the system [0116, 0145]. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a light emitting assembly in Sakariya in view of Mourou such that the reflector is structured such that the second angle α satisfies an equation α=90°−θ/2 in order to dynamically display and dynamically update graphical images upon a window of a subject vehicle to present vehicle-related and non-vehicle-related information of various forms, including vehicle systems operation, ambient driving conditions, infotainment features, personalized occupant-specific data [0017 Mourou] and adjust viewing angle of the system [0116, 0145 Sakariya]. Regarding Claim 13, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the vehicle window of claim 10, further comprising: an electrode (102) electrically connected to the light emitting element package (400) and configured to supply power to the light emitting element package, wherein the reflector (132) is disposed on the electrode (102) (Fig. 7). Regarding Claim 14, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the vehicle window of claim 10, further comprising: a first electrode (102) extending in a first direction, and a second electrode (106) extending in a second direction different from the first direction (Fig. 10), wherein the reflector (132) is disposed on the first electrode (102) or the second electrode. . Regarding Claim 15, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the vehicle window of claim 10, further comprising a collimator (142, 132) disposed between the light emitting element package (400) and the reflection surface of the reflector configured to converge light emitted by the light emitting element package (400) towards the reflection surface. The Examiner notes that configured to converge light emitted by the light emitting element package towards the reflection surface is considered to be met as long as collimator passes light emitted by the light emitting element package (400) towards the reflection surface Regarding Claim 16, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the vehicle window of claim 10, wherein the light emitting element package (400) is disposed on an integrated circuit (120). (Fig. 14). Regarding Claim 17, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the vehicle window of claim 10, further comprising: an electrode (horizontal part of 102) on which the reflector (132) is disposed, an insulation layer (100) on which the light emitting element package (400) and the electrode (horizontal part of 102) are disposed, and a connector (vertical part of 102) disposed in the insulation layer (100) connecting the light emitting element package (100) and the electrode (horizontal part of 102). (Fig. 10) Regarding Claim 18, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the vehicle window of claim 10, further comprising: a base board (100) having a mounting surface (top) on which the light emitting element package (400) is disposed, wherein the reflector (132) is a reflective layer disposed on a mounting surface of the base board. (100) Regarding Claim 19, Sakariya in view of Mourou discloses the vehicle window of claim 10, wherein the light emitting element package (60, 400) and the reflector (132) are disposed between a first glass layer (40) and a second glass layer (42). [0022 Mourou] Regarding Claim 20, Sakariya (Fig. 5, 7, 10, 14) discloses the light emitting assembly comprising: a light emitting element package (400) configured to emit light from a light emitting surface (sides of 450, Fig. 5A); an electrode (102) electrically connected to the light emitting element package (400) and configured to supply power to the light emitting element package (400); a reflector (132) disposed on the electrode (102) and having a reflection surface (sidewalls 114) that faces the light emitting surface (sides) and that is configured to reflect light from the light emitting element package (400). (Fig. 5A) and a base board (100) on which the reflector (132) is disposed, wherein the light emitting assembly forms a first angle θ (angle opposite to θ2 .i.e. 180°- θ2), wherein the reflection surface (surface of 132) is configured to reflect at least some light from the light emitting element package (400), wherein the reflection surface forms a second angle α (θ2) with the base board (100), and wherein the reflector (132) is structured such that the second angle α (θ2) Sakariya does not explicitly disclose a vehicle defining a longitudinal axis and a forward direction and a rear direction along the longitudinal axis, comprising: a vehicle window comprising a light emitting assembly and the light emitting assembly forms a first angle θ with the longitudinal axis and the reflection surface is configured to reflect at least some light from the light emitting element package in a direction along the longitudinal axis and the reflector is structured such that the second angle α satisfies an equation α=90°−θ/2. Mourou (Fig. 2) discloses a vehicle defining a longitudinal axis (a longitudinal axis of the vehicle 10, axis through windshield of the vehicle Mourou) and a forward direction and a rear direction along the longitudinal axis, comprising: a vehicle window ( a front windshield unit 18) comprising a light emitting assembly (60) It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a light emitting assembly in Sakariya in view of Mourou such that a vehicle defining a longitudinal axis and a forward direction and a rear direction along the longitudinal axis, comprising: a vehicle window comprising a light emitting assembly in order to dynamically display and dynamically update graphical images upon a window of a subject vehicle to present vehicle-related and non-vehicle-related information of various forms, including vehicle systems operation, ambient driving conditions, infotainment features, personalized occupant-specific data [0017]. Sakariya in view of Mourou does not explicitly disclose the light emitting assembly forms a first angle θ with the longitudinal axis and the reflection surface is configured to reflect at least some light from the light emitting element package in a direction along the longitudinal axis and the reflector is structured such that the second angle α satisfies an equation α=90°−θ/2. However, Sakariya discloses adjusting a first angle θ between −85 and −30 degrees with respect to the top surface of the substrate in order to adjust viewing angle of the system [0116, 0145]. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a light emitting assembly in Sakariya in view of Mourou such that the light emitting assembly forms a first angle θ with the longitudinal axis and the reflection surface is configured to reflect at least some light from the light emitting element package in a direction along the longitudinal axis and the reflector is structured such that the second angle α satisfies an equation α=90°−θ/2 in order to dynamically display and dynamically update graphical images upon a window of a subject vehicle to present vehicle-related and non-vehicle-related information of various forms, including vehicle systems operation, ambient driving conditions, infotainment features, personalized occupant-specific data [0017 Mourou] and adjust viewing angle of the system [0116, 0145 Sakariya]. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to DMITRIY YEMELYANOV whose telephone number is (571)270-7920. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 9a.m.-6p.m. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Matthew Landau can be reached at (571) 272-1731. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /DMITRIY YEMELYANOV/Examiner, Art Unit 2891
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Prosecution Timeline

Dec 18, 2023
Application Filed
Feb 07, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Mar 23, 2026
Examiner Interview Summary
Mar 23, 2026
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
73%
Grant Probability
92%
With Interview (+18.7%)
2y 8m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 538 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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