Prosecution Insights
Last updated: October 21, 2026
Application No. 18/580,741

MCT11 ANTIBODIES TO TREAT T CELL FUNCTIONAL EXHAUSTION AND ENHANCE CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY

Final Rejection §112
Filed
Jan 19, 2024
Priority
Jul 19, 2021 — provisional 63/223,473 +1 more
Examiner
JUEDES, AMY E
Art Unit
1644
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
University of Pittsburgh
OA Round
2 (Final)
45%
Grant Probability
Moderate
3-4
OA Rounds
1y 0m
Est. Remaining
87%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 45% of resolved cases
45%
Career Allowance Rate
414 granted / 926 resolved
-15.3% vs TC avg
Strong +42% interview lift
Without
With
+41.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 9m
Avg Prosecution
49 currently pending
Career history
1000
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
4.4%
-35.6% vs TC avg
§103
29.1%
-10.9% vs TC avg
§102
17.6%
-22.4% vs TC avg
§112
31.2%
-8.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 926 resolved cases

Office Action

§112
DETAILED ACTION The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Applicant's amendment and remarks, filed 9/4/26, are acknowledged. Claims 1, 4, 6, 11, 13, 21-23, 29, 32, 36, 44 have been amended. Claims 56-57 have been added. Claims 1, 4-7, 11, 13, 15, 17, 20-23, 29, 32, 36, 44, 56-57 are pending and are under examination. In view of Applicant’s claim amendments, only the following rejections remain. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claim 7 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 7 is indefinite since it recites that the antibody is a “human” antibody. The VH and VL of SEQ ID NO; 1 and 5 are murine, and it is unclear how an antibody requiring murine CDRs could be considered a “human” antibody. Applicant’s arguments filed 9/4/26 have been fully considered, but they are not persuasive. Applicant argues that that the amendment overcomes the rejection, since one could include the claim CDR sequences in a human antibody. The claimed CDR sequences are from a mouse antibody. One could include them in a human antibody framework (i.e. replace the human CDRs with the claimed mouse CDRs), but this would result in a humanized antibody. A human antibody would normally be understood to have human derived CDRs. See for example, page 10 of the instant specification which defines a human antibody as including sequences from the human genome and does not include sequences from another species. It is unclear how an antibody requiring murine CDRs could be considered a “human” antibody and the scope of the claim is unclear and indefinite. The following are new grounds of rejection necessitated by Applicant’s claim amendments. Claim 23 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 23 is directed to a method for reducing T cell exhaustion, reducing lactic acid uptake by an exhausted T cell, or increasing effector function of a T cell comprising “expressing a nucleic acid molecule or a vector encoding the monoclonal antibody”. The claim does not specify where the nucleic acid is expressed. For example, do the claims require expressing the nucleic acid in the exhausted T cell or T cell? If it could be expressed somewhere else (in a different cell type, for example), how would it reduce T cell exhaustion? The scope of the claimed method is unclear and indefinite. It is suggested to amend the claim to recite that it is expressed “in the exhausted T cell or T cell”. Claims 1, 4-6, 11, 13, 15, 17, 20-22, 29, 32, 36, 44, 56-57 are allowed. Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any extension fee pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to AMY E JUEDES whose telephone number is (571)272-4471. The examiner can normally be reached on M-F from 7am to 3pm. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Misook Yu can be reached on 571-272-0839. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from Patent Center. Status information for published applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Patent Center for authorized users only. Should you have questions about access to Patent Center, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) Form at https://www.uspto.gov/patents/uspto-automated- interview-request-air-form. Amy E. Juedes Patent Examiner Technology Center 1600 /AMY E JUEDES/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1644
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jan 19, 2024
Application Filed
Jun 11, 2026
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §112
Sep 04, 2026
Response Filed
Oct 06, 2026
Final Rejection mailed — §112 (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
45%
Grant Probability
87%
With Interview (+41.9%)
3y 9m (~1y 0m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 926 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allowance rate.

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