Office Action Predictor
Last updated: April 16, 2026
Application No. 18/624,968

DIRECTING MOTION OF DROPLETS USING DIFFERENTIAL WETTING

Final Rejection §112
Filed
Apr 02, 2024
Examiner
KAUR, GURPREET
Art Unit
1759
Tech Center
1700 — Chemical & Materials Engineering
Assignee
Volta Labs, INC.
OA Round
2 (Final)
65%
Grant Probability
Moderate
3-4
OA Rounds
3y 5m
To Grant
85%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 65% of resolved cases
65%
Career Allow Rate
496 granted / 766 resolved
At TC average
Strong +21% interview lift
Without
With
+20.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 5m
Avg Prosecution
28 currently pending
Career history
794
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.7%
-39.3% vs TC avg
§103
49.8%
+9.8% vs TC avg
§102
21.0%
-19.0% vs TC avg
§112
21.1%
-18.9% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 766 resolved cases

Office Action

§112
DETAILED ACTION Status of the Claims 1. Claims 1-11, 14-17 and 20 are pending. Status of the Rejections 2. Rejection of claim 2 under 35 U.S.C. 112(d) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 4th paragraph is being withdrawn in view of applicant’s amendments. Rejection of claims 1-3 and 5-20 Soto-Moreno et al. is being withdrawn in view applicant’s amendments. New grounds of rejection is as follow. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of the first paragraph of 35 U.S.C. 112(a): (a) IN GENERAL.—The specification shall contain a written description of the invention, and of the manner and process of making and using it, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make and use the same, and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor or joint inventor of carrying out the invention. The following is a quotation of the first paragraph of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112: The specification shall contain a written description of the invention, and of the manner and process of making and using it, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make and use the same, and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention. 3. Claims 1-11, 14-17 and 20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), first paragraph, as failing to comply with the written description requirement. The claim(s) contains subject matter which was not described in the specification in such a way as to reasonably convey to one skilled in the relevant art that the inventor or a joint inventor, or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the inventor(s), at the time the application was filed, had possession of the claimed invention. Independent claims 1, 8 and 14 recite the limitation of “gap filling material disposed adjacent to two or more electrodes of the plurality of electrodes, wherein the gap filling material is an oil”. The limitation of “gap filling material is an oil” is not described in the specification. Applicant’s disclosure (PGPUB) teach thin film of lubricating oil being disposed on textured solid surface such porous material such as microscopic pillar, porous Teflon, porous paper etc. [0124][0125]. Applicant further teach oil-filled textured solid act as electrical barrier between the electrode array and liquid droplet [0133]. Applicant teaches gap filling material being liquid and disposed adjacent to two or more of the plurality of electrodes (see claims 8, 10-12). There is no teaching of oil being the gap filling material disposed adjacent to two electrodes as recited. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claim(s) 1-3 and 5-20 have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. Conclusion Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to GURPREET KAUR whose telephone number is (571)270-7895. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 9:30-6. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Curtis Mayes can be reached at 571-272-1234. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /GURPREET KAUR/ Primary Examiner Art Unit 1759
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Prosecution Timeline

Apr 02, 2024
Application Filed
Dec 12, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §112
Jun 09, 2025
Response Filed
Oct 03, 2025
Final Rejection — §112 (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
65%
Grant Probability
85%
With Interview (+20.6%)
3y 5m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 766 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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