Prosecution Insights
Last updated: July 17, 2026
Application No. 18/717,471

ENHANCED SIDELINK COLLISION AVOIDANCE BASED ON SENSING OF RECEIVER FEEDBACK

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Jun 07, 2024
Priority
Dec 15, 2021 — provisional 63/289,932 +1 more
Examiner
CHENG, CHI TANG P
Art Unit
2463
Tech Center
2400 — Computer Networks
Assignee
Nokia Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
81%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
11m
Est. Remaining
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 81% — above average
81%
Career Allowance Rate
477 granted / 590 resolved
+22.8% vs TC avg
Strong +25% interview lift
Without
With
+24.8%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 0m
Avg Prosecution
15 currently pending
Career history
611
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.2%
-38.8% vs TC avg
§103
92.2%
+52.2% vs TC avg
§102
3.2%
-36.8% vs TC avg
§112
2.2%
-37.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 590 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 34-35,41,44-47,53 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over U.S. Patent Publication No. 2023/0276462 A1 to Hwang et al., in view of U.S. Patent Publication No. 2021/0051525 A1 to Cao et al. As to claim 34, Hwang discloses an apparatus, comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory comprising computer program code,the at least one memory and computer program code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to (Fig. 12: terminal C 1210-3; Fig. 26: terminals A-C, teaching the “apparatus”, and components therein): sense a first sidelink feedback transmission from a receiver user equipment (UE) in a first Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource (Figs. 12-14, paragraphs 187-195, Fig. 26, paragraphs 209, 235-242, disclosing terminal C 1210-3/2610-3 [“apparatus”] sensing feedback from terminal B 1210-2/2610-2 [“a receiver UE”] to terminal A 1210-1/2610-1 transmitted on PFSCH); determine, based on the first Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource, a first radio resource in which the receiver user equipment (UE) received a first data transmission from a transmitter user equipment (UE) (Figs. 12-14, paragraphs 187-195, Fig. 26, paragraphs 209, 235-242, disclosing terminal C 1210-3/2610-3 [“apparatus”] sensing feedback from terminal B 1210-2/2610-2 [“a receiver UE”] to terminal A 1210-1/2610-1 [“transmitter UE”] transmitted on PSfCH, where this PSFCH feedback includes information related to/on the “location of the PSSCH transmitted in step S2601 [“a first radio resource”] and the location of the PSSCH to be used in the future”; also see similar teachings re “feedback signal” transmitted in beams 1244-n in Figs. 12-14, where such feedback signal “may include information related to the resource used by the terminal A 1210-1 and the terminal B 1210-2, for example, information related to the PSSCH used to transmit sidelink data. Specifically, the information related to the PSSCH is information related to the location of the PSSCH, and may include information for estimating or predicting the location of the PSSCH or information indicating the PSSCH” ); a resource allocation determination method comprising sensing a particular sidelink feedback transmission from the receiver user equipment (UE) in a particular Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource; determining, based on the particular Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource, a particular radio resource in which the receiver user equipment (UE) received a particular data transmission from the transmitter user equipment (UE) (see citations and discussion above, disclosing this resource allocation determination method); and determine, based on at least one of the determined first radio resource or second radio resource, a third radio resource in which the receiver user equipment (UE) is expected to receive a third data transmission from the transmitter user equipment (UE) (Figs. 12-14, paragraphs 187-195, Fig. 26, paragraphs 209, 235-242, disclosing terminal C 1210-3/2610-3 [“apparatus”] sensing feedback from terminal B 1210-2/2610-2 [“a receiver UE”] to terminal A 1210-1/2610-1 [“transmitter UE”] transmitted on PSfCH, where this PSFCH feedback includes information related to/on the “location of the PSSCH transmitted in step S2601 [“a first radio resource”] and the location of the PSSCH to be used in the future”; also see similar teachings re “feedback signal” transmitted in beams 1244-n in Figs. 12-14, where such feedback signal “may include information related to the resource used by the terminal A 1210-1 and the terminal B 1210-2, for example, information related to the PSSCH used to transmit sidelink data. Specifically, the information related to the PSSCH is information related to the location of the PSSCH, and may include information for estimating or predicting the location of the PSSCH or information indicating the PSSCH”, where “information for estimating or predicting the location of the PSSCH or information indicating the PSSCH” teaches “third radio resource”; further see paragraph 195, where “periodicity” of the “first radio resource” is determined and used to determine a third radio resource excluding such “first radio resource” ). Hwang does not appear to explicitly disclose the User Equipment continuously and iteratively performing a resource allocation determination method. Cao discloses the User Equipment continuously and iteratively performing a resource allocation determination method (paragraphs 75-79, Fig. 4, paragraphs 111-114,122-126, in particular, steps 430 > 410 disclosing continuously/iteratively performing the method). Before the effective filing date, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art to utilize the teachings as disclosed in Cao above, in conjunction with the method as disclosed and taught by Hwang, to reject this claim. In particular, it would have been obvious to a phosita that the resource allocation determination method continuously performed as disclosed in Cao, may be embodied by the resource allocation determination method disclosed in Hwang featuring the sensing of a PSFCH signal as discussed above, since both Cao and Hwang’s methods involve the sensing of resource allocation information of other UEs/elements in the network. Furthermore, since Cao teaches that Cao’s resource allocation determination method is performed continuously, i.e., iteration after iteration, this teaching in view of Hwang’s resource allocation determination method discussed above is sufficient to render it obvious that Hwang’s resource allocation determination method may be performed continuously, iteratively, so that Hwang’s teaching of “a resource allocation determination method comprising sensing a particular sidelink feedback transmission from the receiver user equipment (UE) in a particular Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource; determining, based on the particular Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource, a particular radio resource in which the receiver user equipment (UE) received a particular data transmission from the transmitter user equipment (UE)” may be performed continuously/iteratively with respect to successive/consecutive “particular”/second PSFCH resources, “particular”/second radio resources, and “particular”/second data transmissions [subsequent to Hwang’s first iteration of “sense a first sidelink feedback transmission from a receiver user equipment (UE) in a first Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource; determine, based on the first Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource, a first radio resource in which the receiver user equipment (UE) received a first data transmission from a transmitter user equipment (UE)”], to reject “sense a second sidelink feedback transmission from the receiver user equipment (UE) in a second Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource;determine, based on the second Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource, a second radio resource in which the receiver user equipment (UE) received a second data transmission from the transmitter user equipment (UE)”, as recited. The cited references are in the same field of endeavor regarding control channel resource management and allocation, featuring sensing resource allocation signaling in wireless/sidelink networks. The suggestion/motivation would have been to optimize and improve the usage and management of network resources for control signaling, especially in wireless/sidelink networks (Hwang, paragraphs 1-21; Cao, paragraphs 1-23). Furthermore, please note that the features of the limitations above have been shown to be known or disclosed in the cited references, and one skilled in the art could have combined the elements as claimed by known methods with no change in their respective functions and the combination would have yielded predictable results to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date. As to claim 35, Hwang and Cao teach the subject matter of the parent claim 34. Hwang discloses wherein at least one of:the apparatus comprises a user equipment (UE) (Figs. 12-14, 26, paragraphs 187-195, Fig. 26, paragraphs 209, 235-242: terminal C 1210-3/2610-3 [“apparatus”]). As to claim 41, Hwang and Cao teach the subject matter of the parent claim 34. Hwang discloses wherein the determined third radio resource comprises a configured minimum or maximum number of contiguous subchannels for the third data transmission, starting with a determined subchannel of at least one of the first transmission or second data transmission. (Figs. 12-14, paragraphs 187-195, Fig. 26, paragraphs 209, 235-242, disclosing terminal C 1210-3/2610-3 [“apparatus”] sensing feedback from terminal B 1210-2/2610-2 [“a receiver UE”] to terminal A 1210-1/2610-1 [“transmitter UE”] transmitted on PSfCH, where this PSFCH feedback includes information related to/on the “location of the PSSCH transmitted in step S2601 [“a first radio resource”] and the location of the PSSCH to be used in the future”; further disclosing “the terminal may determine resources to be used by the other terminals based on the identified used resource and periodicity of sidelink communication and perform sidelink communication using at least some of the remaining resources except for the determined resources in a resource pool” [paragraph 195] and “ terminal C 2610-3 may select a collision-free resource based on the sensing result using the PSFCH and transmit data through the selected resource”, thus teaching configuring number of resources permitted for the third radio resource(s) starting from first resource/subchannel after the last resource/subchannel of the first radio resource in order to avoid collision, teaching this limitation). As to claim 44, Hwang and Cao teach the subject matter of the parent claim 34. Hwang further discloses wherein the sensing of at least one of the first sidelink feedback transmission or the second sidelink feedback transmission is performed on a beam being used or to be used for transmission by the apparatus (Fig. 12 and paragraph 187-188, disclosing beam(s) usable by terminals B and C, used by terminal B in transmitting PSFCH) As to claims 45, 53, please see rejection for claim 34. As to claim 46, Hwang and Cao teach the subject matter of the parent claim 45. Hwang does not appear to disclose wherein at least one of:the first and second radio resources comprise a same subchannel in frequency. Cao discloses wherein at least one of:the first and second radio resources comprise a same subchannel in frequency (Fig. 3, disclosing, for instance, “UE1 RV0” in F0in successive times T0, teaching first and second resources that are in the same frequency). Before the effective filing date, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art to utilize the teachings as disclosed in Cao above, in conjunction with the method as disclosed and taught by Hwang, to reject this claim. In particular, it would have been obvious to a phosita that the resource allocation determination method continuously performed as disclosed in Cao, may be embodied by the resource allocation determination method disclosed in Hwang featuring the sensing of a PSFCH signal as discussed above, since both Cao and Hwang’s methods involve the sensing of resource allocation information of other UEs/elements in the network. The cited references are in the same field of endeavor regarding control channel resource management and allocation, featuring sensing resource allocation signaling in wireless/sidelink networks. The suggestion/motivation would have been to optimize and improve the usage and management of network resources for control signaling, especially in wireless/sidelink networks (Hwang, paragraphs 1-21; Cao, paragraphs 1-23). Furthermore, please note that the features of the limitations above have been shown to be known or disclosed in the cited references, and one skilled in the art could have combined the elements as claimed by known methods with no change in their respective functions and the combination would have yielded predictable results to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date. As to claim 47, Hwang and Cao teach the subject matter of the parent claim 45. Hwang does not appear to disclose further comprising one of:deprioritizing or excluding from a set of candidate radio resources, for transmission by the first user equipment (UE), a candidate radio resource that at least partially overlaps with the determined third radio resource. Cao discloses further comprising one of: deprioritizing or excluding from a set of candidate radio resources, for transmission by the first user equipment (UE), a candidate radio resource that at least partially overlaps with the determined third radio resource (paragraphs 75-79, Fig. 4, paragraphs 111-114,122-126: disclosing exclusion of certain resources that may collide or conflict with certain resources). Before the effective filing date, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art to utilize the teachings as disclosed in Cao above, in conjunction with the method as disclosed and taught by Hwang, to reject this claim. In particular, it would have been obvious to a phosita that the resource allocation determination method continuously performed as disclosed in Cao, may be embodied by the resource allocation determination method disclosed in Hwang featuring the sensing of a PSFCH signal as discussed above, and that the deprioritization method disclosed in Cao could have been incorporated in the resource determination/allocation scheme disclosed in Hwang, since both Cao and Hwang’s methods involve the sensing of resource allocation information of other UEs/elements in the network. The cited references are in the same field of endeavor regarding control channel resource management and allocation, featuring sensing resource allocation signaling in wireless/sidelink networks. The suggestion/motivation would have been to optimize and improve the usage and management of network resources for control signaling, especially in wireless/sidelink networks (Hwang, paragraphs 1-21; Cao, paragraphs 1-23). Furthermore, please note that the features of the limitations above have been shown to be known or disclosed in the cited references, and one skilled in the art could have combined the elements as claimed by known methods with no change in their respective functions and the combination would have yielded predictable results to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 36-40,42,43,48-52 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to CHI TANG P CHENG whose telephone number is (571)272-9021. The examiner can normally be reached M-F, 9:30AM - 6PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Asad M Nawaz can be reached at (571)272-3988. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /CHI TANG P CHENG/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2463
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jun 07, 2024
Application Filed
Jun 22, 2026
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12684623
USER EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR SMALL DATA TRANSMISSION
4y 2m to grant Granted Jul 14, 2026
Patent 12672060
TECHNIQUES FOR DYNAMIC CELL ACTIVATION AND DEACTIVATION IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
3y 4m to grant Granted Jun 30, 2026
Patent 12672143
TERMINAL, RADIO COMMUNICATION METHOD, AND BASE STATION
3y 0m to grant Granted Jun 30, 2026
Patent 12671561
Dynamic Multi-Carrier Uplink Operations
2y 3m to grant Granted Jun 30, 2026
Patent 12647809
CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION FEEDBACK FOR MULTICAST BROADCAST SERVICES
3y 2m to grant Granted Jun 02, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

Strategy Recommendation AI-generated — please review before filing

Get a prosecution strategy drawn from examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Typically takes 5-10 seconds — AI-generated, attorney review required before filing

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
81%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+24.8%)
3y 0m (~11m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 590 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allowance rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month