Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/990,863

IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPEUTICS AGENTS TARGETING FIBROBLAST-ACTIVATION PROTEIN-ALPHA (FAP-ALPHA)

Non-Final OA §103§DP
Filed
Dec 20, 2024
Examiner
PERREIRA, MELISSA JEAN
Art Unit
1618
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
The Johns Hopkins University
OA Round
2 (Non-Final)
52%
Grant Probability
Moderate
2-3
OA Rounds
3y 7m
To Grant
78%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 52% of resolved cases
52%
Career Allow Rate
428 granted / 824 resolved
-8.1% vs TC avg
Strong +26% interview lift
Without
With
+25.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 7m
Avg Prosecution
41 currently pending
Career history
865
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.0%
-39.0% vs TC avg
§103
53.8%
+13.8% vs TC avg
§102
14.9%
-25.1% vs TC avg
§112
16.6%
-23.4% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 824 resolved cases

Office Action

§103 §DP
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claims Status Claims 71-72,76-77,80-84,88-89 and 92-93 are pending in the application. Claims 73-75,78,79,85-87,90 and 91 are cancelled in the amendment filed 11/24/25. Any objections and/or rejections from previous office actions that have not been reiterated in this office action are obviated. Terminal Disclaimer The terminal disclaimers were approved on 12/3/25. Drawings The petition to accept colored drawings was accepted on 6/17/25. Double Patenting The nonstatutory double patenting rejection is based on a judicially created doctrine grounded in public policy (a policy reflected in the statute) so as to prevent the unjustified or improper timewise extension of the “right to exclude” granted by a patent and to prevent possible harassment by multiple assignees. A nonstatutory double patenting rejection is appropriate where the conflicting claims are not identical, but at least one examined application claim is not patentably distinct from the reference claim(s) because the examined application claim is either anticipated by, or would have been obvious over, the reference claim(s). See, e.g., In re Berg, 140 F.3d 1428, 46 USPQ2d 1226 (Fed. Cir. 1998); In re Goodman, 11 F.3d 1046, 29 USPQ2d 2010 (Fed. Cir. 1993); In re Longi, 759 F.2d 887, 225 USPQ 645 (Fed. Cir. 1985); In re Van Ornum, 686 F.2d 937, 214 USPQ 761 (CCPA 1982); In re Vogel, 422 F.2d 438, 164 USPQ 619 (CCPA 1970); In re Thorington, 418 F.2d 528, 163 USPQ 644 (CCPA 1969). A timely filed terminal disclaimer in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(c) or 1.321(d) may be used to overcome an actual or provisional rejection based on nonstatutory double patenting provided the reference application or patent either is shown to be commonly owned with the examined application, or claims an invention made as a result of activities undertaken within the scope of a joint research agreement. See MPEP § 717.02 for applications subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA as explained in MPEP § 2159. See MPEP § 2146 et seq. for applications not subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . A terminal disclaimer must be signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(b). The filing of a terminal disclaimer by itself is not a complete reply to a nonstatutory double patenting (NSDP) rejection. A complete reply requires that the terminal disclaimer be accompanied by a reply requesting reconsideration of the prior Office action. Even where the NSDP rejection is provisional the reply must be complete. See MPEP § 804, subsection I.B.1. For a reply to a non-final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.111(a). For a reply to final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.113(c). A request for reconsideration while not provided for in 37 CFR 1.113(c) may be filed after final for consideration. See MPEP §§ 706.07(e) and 714.13. The USPTO Internet website contains terminal disclaimer forms which may be used. Please visit www.uspto.gov/patent/patents-forms. The actual filing date of the application in which the form is filed determines what form (e.g., PTO/SB/25, PTO/SB/26, PTO/AIA /25, or PTO/AIA /26) should be used. A web-based eTerminal Disclaimer may be filled out completely online using web-screens. An eTerminal Disclaimer that meets all requirements is auto-processed and approved immediately upon submission. For more information about eTerminal Disclaimers, refer to www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/applying-online/eterminal-disclaimer. Claims 71-72,76-77,80-84,88-89 and 92-93 are provisionally rejected on the ground of nonstatutory double patenting as being unpatentable over claims 42-46,53-55,58-62 and 64-67 of copending Application No. 18/553,092 as stated in the office action mailed 6/2/25. The Applicant asserts that the instant Application has the earlier term filing date with respect to Application No. 18/553,092. Applicant request withdrawal of the nonstatutory double patenting rejection at this time as they believe the claims are in condition for allowance. The instant claims are not in condition for allowance at this time and therefore, the rejection is maintained. New Grounds of Objection/Rejection Claim Objections Claim 76 is objected to because of the following informalities: the instant claim 76 is a duplicate of the instant claim 72. Appropriate correction is required. Claim 88 is objected to because of the following informalities: the instant claim 88 is a duplicate of the instant claim 84. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 71-72,76-77,80-84,88-89 and 92-93 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Jansen et al. (US2014/0357650A1) in view of Zimmerman et al. (US2010/0098633A1), Pomper et al. (US2012/0009121A1) and Dvořáková et al. (J. Med. Chem. 2017, 60, 8385-8393) and in further view of Dennis Wertz Chemistry - A Molecular Science (eBook) 3rd edition: Custom Labs (2014) https://www.webassign.net/question_assets/wertzcams3/bond_lengths/manual.html. Jansen et al. (US2014/0357650A1) discloses FAP inhibitors having the structures PNG media_image1.png 124 250 media_image1.png Greyscale (abstract; p3, [0024]; p9, [0102]) that encompasses the FAP-α targeting moiety A of the instant claims. The PNG media_image2.png 64 98 media_image2.png Greyscale moiety comprises a 5 to 10-membered N-containing aromatic ring, etc., such as PNG media_image3.png 98 96 media_image3.png Greyscale (p4, [0032]; p6, [0088]; p9, [0101]; p12, [0173]). The 4-quinolinoyl ring displays the best results with regards to FAP-affinities and reveals the pivotal importance of the nitrogen’s position (p41, [0633]) that encompasses the quinoline ring having a point of attachment to the remainder of the FAP-α targeting moiety at the 4-position of the quinolinyl ring of the instant claims. The R1 and R2 moieties comprise H, halogen, etc. (p3, [0025]; p5, [0070-0071]; p9, [0103]). The term halogen is generic for fluoro, etc. (p11, [0150]; p9, TABLE 2) that encompasses the fluoro of the instant claims. The R1 and R2 comprise H and fluoro that encompass the corresponding R1x and R2x are H and fluoro of the instant claims. The R3 moiety comprises -CN, etc. (p4, [0026]; p5, [0072]; p9, [0104]; p14, [0194-0195]) that encompasses the corresponding R3x is -CN of the instant claims. The R4 is H, etc. (p4, [0027]; p6, [0073]; p9, [0105]; p15, [0197]) that encompasses the corresponding R4x is H of the instant claims. The n is 0,1,2, or 3 (p4, [0032]; p6, [0078],[0087]; p10, [0111],[0122]; p11, [0132],[0144]; p15, [0202]). The PNG media_image4.png 80 122 media_image4.png Greyscale moiety (n is 0) encompasses the moiety PNG media_image5.png 122 172 media_image5.png Greyscale moiety when v = 0 of the FAP-α targeting moiety of the instant claims. The R5-R7 are H, etc. (p4, [0028],[0038]; p6, [0074]; p9, [0106]) that encompass the corresponding R5x-R7x are H of the instant claims. The inhibitors may comprise stereoisomers, salts, etc. (p3, [0024]; p10, [0113]) and encompass the stereoisomers and salts of the instant claims. Jansen et al. does not disclose a chelating group, optionally comprising a radionuclide. Zimmerman et al. (US2010/0098633A1) discloses small radiopharmaceutical seprase inhibitors (α-FAP) comprising a complex containing a proline moiety and a metal chelate to chelate a radionuclide (abstract; p1, [0002],[0007]). The radiopharmaceuticals have a functionalized proline moiety structure PNG media_image6.png 90 282 media_image6.png Greyscale adapted for radioimaging and/or radiotherapy (abstract; p1, [0008]; p6, [0087]). The U comprises -CN, etc. (p1, [0010]; p6, [0089]). The G comprises G is H, etc. (p1, [0011]; p6, [0090]). The V is a bond, a group of formula PNG media_image7.png 74 146 media_image7.png Greyscale , etc. (p1, [0012]; p6, [0091]). The m is an integer from 0 to 6 (p1, [0018]; p6, [0096]). The n is an integer from 0 to 6 (p1, [0017]; p6, [0095]). The metal chelate is a chelating moiety that coordinates with a radionuclide/metal including a radionuclide for PET, SPECT, such as 99mTc, 64Cu, 67Cu, etc. (p1, [0019-0020]; p2, [0029]; p3, [0048-0049]; p6, [0098-0099]). The chelating moiety comprises tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), for example PNG media_image8.png 218 264 media_image8.png Greyscale (p7, [0100]; p43, compounds 22,23). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to attach a DOTA derivative to the FAP inhibitors of Jansen et al. by binding a carboxyl moiety of DOTA to an amine moiety of the FAP-α targeting moiety to form an amide bond as Zimmerman et al. teaches of bonding a DOTA derivative chelating moieties, such as PNG media_image8.png 218 264 media_image8.png Greyscale to a FAP-α targeting moiety to yield a FAP-α inhibitor. A 99mTc, 64Cu, 67Cu DOTA-substituted FAP-α targeting moiety provides the advantage of radioimaging and/or radiotherapy via PET or SPECT, with a reasonable expectation of success, as the expression of FAP-α on tumors makes it an attractive target to exploit for imaging and targeted radiotherapy Zimmerman et al. (p1, [0005]). Jansen et al. does not disclose low molecular weight or that the linker is bound to the carbon atom 6 of the quinolinyl ring. Pomper et al. (US2012/0009121A1) discloses targeting therapeutic compounds and imaging agents for prostate cancer and cancer angiogenesis (p2, [0012]). The therapeutic compounds and imaging agents have low molecular weight (p2, [0012] wherein the low molecular weight inhibitors show promise in pre-clinical imaging studies, may have better access to tumors than larger antibodies, and have greater cellular retention and (p1, [0008]; p2, [0012]; p44, [0242]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to prepare low molecular weight DOTA-substituted FAP inhibitors with high affinity and selectivity for FAP to yield imaging agents and/or therapeutic agents with the advantage of increased uptake in tumors and improved cellular retention with a reasonable expectation of success. Jansen et al. further discloses that the quinolinyl moiety may be substituted at the position 6,7,8 or 9 PNG media_image9.png 114 102 media_image9.png Greyscale (p12, [0172]; p16, [0215]). Dvořáková et al. (J. Med. Chem. 2017, 60, 8385-8393) discloses anti-FAP iBody FAP inhibitors comprising PNG media_image10.png 145 305 media_image10.png Greyscale wherein R is H or F and n is 5 or 15 (Figure 2). The anti-FAP iBody is for imaging of FAP-expressing cells (p8387, left column, first full paragraph; p8387, Use of Anti-FAP iBody 1 for detection and visualization of FAP; p8387, Application of Anti-FAP iBody 1 for imaging of FAP-expressing cells). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to examine the linker of Dvořáková et al. comprising a terminal amine for binding FAP-specific inhibitors to a metal chelating moiety for radiolabeling the FAP-α targeting moiety as FAP is a promising target for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer (Dvořáková et al. abstract). Also, Dvořáková et al. examined various PEG linkers to bind FAP-α targeting moieties for successful site specific targeting wherein Pomper et al. teaches that low molecular weight FAP inhibitors have the benefits of high affinity and selectivity for FAP and are advantageous as imaging and/or therapeutic agents due to increased uptake in tumors and improved cellular retention. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to attach the linker of Dvořáková et al. at the position 6 of the quinoline moiety PNG media_image9.png 114 102 media_image9.png Greyscale of Jansen et al. with a reasonable expectation of success as Jansen et al. teaches that the quinolinyl moiety may be substituted at the position 6. Jansen et al. does not disclose the linker L has the length of greater than lysine to [Symbol font/0x7E]33Å. Dennis Wertz Chemistry - A Molecular Science (eBook) 3rd edition: Custom Labs (2014) https://www.webassign.net/question_assets/wertzcams3/bond_lengths/manual.html discloses PNG media_image11.png 328 668 media_image11.png Greyscale It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention that the linker of Dvořáková et al. of the FAP-specific inhibitor is at the carbon 7 of the quinolinyl ring and is used for binding a chelating moiety for the advantage of radioimaging and/or radiotherapy, comprises a length of 26.19 Å when n is 5 and is greater than lysine as the length of the linker can be calculated via the bond lengths of the table of Dennis Wertz. Response to Arguments Applicant asserts that the point of attachment of the FAP-α targeting moiety to the linker is through carbon atom 6 of the quinolinyl ring. The reference of Jansen et al. teaches that the quinolinyl moiety may be substituted at the position 6,7,8 or 9 PNG media_image9.png 114 102 media_image9.png Greyscale (p12, [0172]; p16, [0215]). Conclusion No claims are allowed at this time. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MELISSA JEAN PERREIRA whose telephone number is (571)272-1354. The examiner can normally be reached M9-3, T9-3, W9-3, Th9-2, F9-2. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Michael Hartley can be reached at 571-272-0616. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /MELISSA J PERREIRA/Examiner, Art Unit 1618
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Dec 20, 2024
Application Filed
Apr 08, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
May 28, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §DP
Oct 10, 2025
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Oct 10, 2025
Examiner Interview Summary
Nov 24, 2025
Response Filed
Dec 09, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §DP (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12599682
Near-Infrared Dyes And Conjugates For Targeting Tumors
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12544463
NOVEL DEUTERIUM SUBSTITUTED POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET) IMAGING AGENTS AND THEIR PHARMACOLOGICAL APPLICATION
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 10, 2026
Patent 12521454
68GA- AND 64CU -NODAGA-E[C(RGDYK)]2 FOR USE AS PET TRACERS IN THE IMAGING OF ANGIOGENESIS IN HUMANS
2y 5m to grant Granted Jan 13, 2026
Patent 12491272
Stable, concentrated radionuclide complex solutions
2y 5m to grant Granted Dec 09, 2025
Patent 12486238
NOVEL COMPOUND HAVING ANTIBACTERIAL FUNCTION AGAINST SUPERBACTERIA AND SELECTIVE DETECTION FUNCTION OF HYPOCHLOROUS ACID, AND COMPOSITION AND SENSOR COMPRISING THE SAME
2y 5m to grant Granted Dec 02, 2025
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

2-3
Expected OA Rounds
52%
Grant Probability
78%
With Interview (+25.7%)
3y 7m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 824 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month