DETAILED ACTION
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Priority
Receipt is acknowledged of certified copies of papers submitted under 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d), which papers have been placed of record in the file.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b):
(b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention.
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph:
The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention.
Claim 6 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor, or for pre-AIA the applicant regards as the invention.
Claim 6 recites the limitation “the writing frames.” There is insufficient antecedent basis for this limitation in the claim.
The claim contains no earlier recitation or limitation of a plurality of “writing frames.”
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102
In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status.
The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action:
A person shall be entitled to a patent unless –
(a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention.
Claims 5, 6 and 10 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as anticipated by Chung et al (US 2022/0101785 A1).
Regarding claim 5, Chung discloses a display apparatus comprising:
a display panel [e.g., Fig. 1: 110] having
a pixel [e.g., Fig. 1: P; Fig. 2A] including
a driving switching element [e.g., Fig. 2A: DT] and
a light emitting element [e.g., Fig. 2A: ELD];
a driving controller [e.g., Fig. 1: 120] configured to determine a driving frequency varied [e.g., Paragraphs 31-32: The timing controller 120 generates a signal such that the pixel can be driven at various refresh rates] according to input image data or a driving mode [e.g., Paragraph 9: A refresh rate is changed in units of a frame in accordance with an image];
a gate driver [e.g., Fig. 1: 130] configured to output a gate signal [e.g., Fig. 2A: SC3] and a bias control signal [e.g., Fig. 2A: SC2] to the pixel;
an emission driver [e.g., Fig. 1: 150] configured to output an emission signal [e.g., Fig. 2A: EM] to the pixel;
a data driver [e.g., Fig. 1: 140] configured to output a data voltage [e.g., Fig. 2A: Vdata] to the pixel; and
a power voltage generator [e.g., Fig. 6A] configured to generate a bias voltage [e.g., Figs. 2A, 6A: V1],
wherein the bias voltage [e.g., Figs. 4A-4C: V1 = V1_H] of a holding frame [e.g., Figs. 4A-4C; Fig. 5: hold] is greater than the bias voltage [e.g., Figs. 3A-3K: V1_L; Fig. 5: refresh] of a writing frame [e.g., Figs. 3A-3K; Fig. 5: refresh] (e.g., see Paragraphs 27-151).
Regarding claim 6, Chung discloses wherein when the driving frequency is a first driving frequency [e.g., Fig. 5: 60 Hz], the display panel only has the writing frames [e.g., Fig. 5: refresh, or refresh + hold], and
wherein when the driving frequency is a second driving frequency [e.g., Fig. 5: 10 Hz] less than the first driving frequency, the display panel has the writing frame [e.g., Fig. 5: refresh, or refresh + hold] and the holding frame [e.g., Fig. 5: hold] (e.g., see Paragraphs 93-98).
Regarding claim 10, Chung discloses a width [e.g., Figs. 3B, 3I: SC2 = two bias periods, Fig. 3D: SC2 = four bias periods] of the bias control signal to apply the bias voltage to the driving switching element in the writing frame is equal to a width [e.g., Figs. 4A, 4B: SC2 = two bias periods, SC2 = four bias periods] of the bias control signal in the holding frame (e.g., see Paragraphs 68-92).
Response to Arguments
Applicant's arguments filed on 6 May 2026 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive.
Applicant's arguments with respect to claims 5, 6 and 10 have been considered but are moot in view of any new ground(s) of rejection.
Conclusion
Applicant's amendment necessitated any new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a).
A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any extension fee pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the date of this final action.
Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Jeff Piziali whose telephone number is (571)272-7678. The examiner can normally be reached on Monday - Friday (7:30AM - 4PM). The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300.
Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000.
/Jeff Piziali/
Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2628
9 July 2026
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