Prosecution Insights
Last updated: October 25, 2026

Lee & Hayes, PC

Technology area: Transportation, E-Commerce & Mechanical Systems

272 pending office actions • 124 clients • 258 examiners • 178 art units • 0 of 272 (0%) have an AI response strategy ready

Analysis

LEE & HAYES, P.C. has 280 pending office actions in Transportation, E-Commerce & Mechanical Systems and 11169 career applications. Its resolved allowance rate is 81.78%, with an average of 4.12 office actions per allowance.

The application history provides a broad basis for interpreting the outcome metrics. The pending docket represents current unresolved work, while the allowance rate describes resolved cases. The average-action measure is the highest activity indicator in this profile, suggesting that allowed matters commonly required multiple examination exchanges. Practitioners should account for that response pattern when planning prosecution resources in this technology area.

Written from this page's own data; every figure is computed from USPTO records and verified before publication.

Quality Metrics (n=11169 apps, methodology: how we score firms)

81.8%
Allowance Rate
n=11169
+0.47σ
Allowance Rate (norm)
n=11169
4.1
OAs to Allowance
n=6861
+0.16σ
OAs to Allow (norm)
n=6861
1193 days
Time to Allowance
n=6861
-3.1pp
Interview Lift
n=11169
42.3%
RCE Rate
n=11169
1.0%
Appeal Rate
n=11169

Rejection Performance (% of received rejections ultimately overcome)

71.5%
§101 Overcome
n=2484
70.8%
§102 Overcome
n=3572
72.3%
§103 Overcome
n=5519
73.1%
§112 Overcome
n=3167

Specialization & Scale

G06F, G06Q, H04L
Top CPC Subclasses
30%
Top-3 CPC Share
n=11169
3
Practitioners
n=11169
3723.0
Apps / Practitioner
n=11169

Portfolio Summary

272
Total Pending OAs
168
Non-Final OAs
91
Final Rejections
13
Advisory / Quayle

Response Deadline Pressure

Based on the USPTO statutory response window for each pending office action. 89 of the docket's apps have a known mailing date; the rest are excluded from the tile counts.

47
Overdue
1
Due this week
25
Due this month
9
Due in next 60 days
7
Due later

Deadline Fire Line

Every pending office action with a known statutory deadline, placed on a days-until-due axis. Dots left of Today are overdue; the further right, the more runway. Cases that share a deadline window stack vertically. 89 of the docket's apps have a known mailing date.

-30dToday30d60d90d120d
Overdue (47)Due ≤ 7 days (1)Due ≤ 30 days (25)Due ≤ 60 days (9)Due later (7)

Case Difficulty Mix

Difficulty is derived from the rejection statutes on the most recent pending office action. §101-driven and multi-statute cases are graded Hard; §112-only and obviousness-type double-patenting cases are graded Easy; everything else is Medium. "Unknown" means we have not yet parsed a statute for that office action.

139
Hard (51%)
111
Medium (41%)
17
Easy (6%)
5
Unknown (2%)

Rejection Statute Mix

BucketCases
§101 only13 (5%)
§101 + other49 (18%)
§103 only84 (31%)
§102 only9 (3%)
§112 only12 (4%)
Double-patenting only5 (2%)
Double-patenting + other18 (7%)
Multi-statute (no §101)77 (28%)
No statute on record5 (2%)

Industry Mix

How the docket's pending cases split across USPTO tech-center bands.

84
Life Sciences
31% of docket
46
Information Tech
17% of docket
16
Communications
6% of docket
18
Semiconductors
7% of docket
103
Mechanical / Eng
38% of docket
5
Business / Other
2% of docket

Time-on-OA Estimate

Manual office-action response work runs about 10 hours per case. The time-saved bands below show what IP Author's prosecution pipeline typically delivers — a conservative 20% on the low end, 35% in the middle, 50% on the high end.

2,720 h
Manual time on pending OAs
544 h
Time saved (low, 20%)
952 h
Time saved (mid, 35%)
23.8 wks
FTE-weeks freed (mid)

Top Examiners on this docket

ExaminerApps on this docketAllow rateInterview lift
GROSS, JASON PATRICK 4 64.0% +43.3%
CUNNINGCHEN, KATHLEEN MARY 3 62.5% +60.5%
RAHAMAN, SHAHAN UR 2 76.6% +12.7%
HOLMES, REX R 2 80.1% +17.9%
GEORGALAS, ANNE MARIE 2 43.0% +51.4%
VOORHEES, CATHERINE M 2 83.6% +13.9%
SANTIAGO-MERCED, FRANCIS Z 2 26.4% +37.5%
NGUYEN, QUANG 2 37.9% +52.6%
BAHL, SANGEETA 2 20.9% +20.4%
WILSON, MICHAEL C 2 41.5% +17.8%

Quick Wins (2)

Cases in front of an examiner with an allow rate of 80%+ where the difficulty is Easy or Medium. The top 2 ordered by deadline are shown.

App #TitleExaminerDue in
18374662 METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETECTING PACE PULSES VOORHEES, CATHERINE M 26d
18935409 LIGHT-BASED NON-INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE SYSTEMS AND METHODS HOLMES, REX R —

Hard Cases (139)

Multi-statute / §101-driven matters, or cases in front of an examiner with an allow rate under 30%. The top 8 ordered by deadline are shown.

App #TitleExaminerDue in
17624764 METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS SPANGLER, JOSEPH RANKIN 341d overdue
18318102 WAREHOUSE SYSTEM FOR ASSET TRACKING AND LOAD SCHEDULING WALLICK, STEPHANIE SHOSHANA 189d overdue
18401338 INCREASING MEETING PRODUCTIVITY UTILIZING ROLE-BASED EVENT GENERATION SANTIAGO-MERCED, FRANCIS Z 140d overdue
17184169 SIMULATED AGENTS BASED ON DRIVING LOG DATA KIM, EUNHEE 119d overdue
18052335 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CRYPTOCURRENCY ADMINISTRATION SHERR, MARIA CRISTI OWEN 70d overdue
17704980 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EVALUATING REAL ESTATE TRANSACTIONS SITTNER, MICHAEL J 53d overdue
18458108 EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS VACCINES WANG, RUIXUE 49d overdue
18595066 BI-DIRECTIONAL FISH PASS HELIX SINGH, SUNIL 46d overdue

Interview Candidates (23)

Cases in front of an examiner whose interview lift is 10 percentage points or more — i.e. interviewed cases historically resolve more favorably than non-interviewed ones. The top 8 ordered by deadline are shown.

App #TitleExaminerDue in
18401338 INCREASING MEETING PRODUCTIVITY UTILIZING ROLE-BASED EVENT GENERATION SANTIAGO-MERCED, FRANCIS Z 140d overdue
17785012 CELLS FOR TREATING CANCER WILSON, MICHAEL C 78d overdue
18173485 METHODS FOR ENHANCING ANTI-TUMOR ACTIVITY OF EXHAUSTED T CELLS NGUYEN, QUANG 2d overdue
18072195 CHANNEL RECOMMENDATIONS USING MACHINE LEARNING BAHL, SANGEETA 14d
18781949 DETERMINING POST-SHOCK TREATMENT BASED ON HEART VIABILITY VOORHEES, CATHERINE M 22d
18374662 METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETECTING PACE PULSES VOORHEES, CATHERINE M 26d
18128573 Product Object Processing Method, Apparatus and Electronic Device GEORGALAS, ANNE MARIE 54d
17825784 TOOLS AND METHODS FOR USING CELL DIVISION LOCI TO CONTROL PROLIFERATION OF CELLS WILSON, MICHAEL C 79d

Client Portfolio (124 clients)

View all 124 →

Top Art Units

Art UnitApps
37976
37965
16465
36294
36614
36274
36284
36264
24263
36683

Pending Office Actions

App #TitleClientExaminerArt UnitStatutesStatusDue inAIFiled
19432853 Generation and Real-time Ranking of Customized Quotes Arkestro Inc. ARAQUE JR, GERARDO 3629 §101§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Dec 24, 2025
19483870 PROJECTION DEVICE Inmersia Computers S.L. ELAHI, TOWFIQ 2625 §102§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Nov 12, 2025
19348225 INTELLIGENT VEHICLE PULL OVER Zoox, Inc. DEL VALLE, LUIS GERARDO 3666 §103DP Non-Final OA — Pending Oct 02, 2025
19156517 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING NAVICULAR DROP MEASUREMENTS Xrpro, LLC NGUYEN, HIEN NGOC 3797 §103 Non-Final OA — Pending Aug 14, 2025
19298598 TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION IN MULTI-AGENT ENVIRONMENTS Zoox, Inc. CODUROGLU, JALAL C 3665 DP Non-Final OA — Pending Aug 13, 2025
19266528 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR ON-DEVICE REAL-TIME ACCESS AND REVIEW OF EVENTS DURING A PATIENT TREATMENT EPISODE Physio-Control, Inc. NGUYEN, TRAN N 3685 §101§102§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Jul 11, 2025
19260023 DECODER-SIDE CHROMA INTRA PREDICTION MODE GRADIENT-BASED DERIVATION Alibaba (China) Co., Ltd. RAHAMAN, SHAHAN UR 2426 §103DP Non-Final OA — Pending Jul 03, 2025
19256360 COLLABORATIVE GUIDANCE FOR VEHICLE INTERACTIONS Zoox, Inc. HATCH, DAVID P 3668 §102§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Jul 01, 2025
19253387 METHOD, DEVICE AND STORAGE MEDIUM FOR DETERMINING A WORKING BOUNDARY OF AN OPERATING EQUIPMENT Positec Power Tools (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. MIRZA, ADNAN M 3667 §103 Non-Final OA — Pending Jun 27, 2025
19253605 SENSOR FUSION FOR OBJECT DETECTION Zoox, Inc. SWEENEY, BRIAN P 3668 §112 Non-Final OA — Pending Jun 27, 2025
19253010 ULTRASOUND-MEDIATED GENE AND DRUG DELIVERY Seattle Children’S Hospital D/B/A Seattle Children’S Research Institute FERNANDEZ, KATHERINE L 3798 §102§103§112 Non-Final OA — Pending Jun 27, 2025
19241146 PROVING TOP LEVEL DOMAIN NAME CONTROL ON A BLOCKCHAIN Verisign, Inc. JAMSHIDI, GHODRAT 2493 Other Non-Final OA — Pending Jun 17, 2025
19224603 PRODUCTION TOOLS FOR COLLABORATIVE VIDEOS Salesforce, Inc. COONEY, ADAM A 2458 §103 Non-Final OA — Pending May 30, 2025
19217607 VECTOR-BASED GENE THERAPY FOR ELONGATOR ACETYLTRANSFERASE COMPLEX SUBUNIT 1 (ELP1) UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS SALVOZA, M FRANCO G 1672 §112 Non-Final OA 57d Pending May 23, 2025
19215510 SEARCH SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION Kayak Software Corporation ELIAS, EARL L 2169 §103Other Non-Final OA — Pending May 22, 2025
19204827 Real-Time Dosimetry Reveam, Inc. GAWORECKI, MARK R 2884 Other Non-Final OA — Pending May 12, 2025
19186445 INDICATOR FOR SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT Plantdoc LLC AHMED, JAMIL 2877 §102§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Apr 22, 2025
19174575 REMOTE VEHICLE BATTERY DISCONNECT SYSTEM Safelot Ltd. AMAYA, CARLOS DAVID 2836 §102 Non-Final OA — Pending Apr 09, 2025
19171619 AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE OPERATIONS RELATED TO DETECTION OF AN UNSAFE PASSENGER PICKUP/DELIVERY CONDITION Zoox, Inc. DOWLING, MICHAEL TYLER EVAN 3669 §103 Non-Final OA — Pending Apr 07, 2025
19170923 REMOTE VEHICLE GUIDANCE Zoox, Inc. DAVIS, JERROD I 3661 §101§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Apr 04, 2025
19096546 PROGRESSIVE GENERATIVE FACE VIDEO COMPRESSION WITH BANDWIDTH INTELLIGENCE Alibaba (China) Co., Ltd. RAHAMAN, SHAHAN UR 2426 §103 Non-Final OA — Pending Mar 31, 2025
19093239 CAUSAL REASONING SYSTEM Bridgewater Associates Ec Ip, LLC FERRER, JEDIDIAH P 2153 §103 Non-Final OA 15d overdue Pending Mar 27, 2025
19084355 GRIDEYE SENSOR Key Tronic Corporation GROSS, JASON PATRICK 3797 §103§112 Final Rejection — Pending Mar 19, 2025
19084417 GRIDEYE SENSOR Key Tronic Corporation GROSS, JASON PATRICK 3797 §103 Final Rejection — Pending Mar 19, 2025
19084519 GRIDEYE SENSOR Key Tronic Corporation GROSS, JASON PATRICK 3797 §103§112 Final Rejection — Pending Mar 19, 2025
19084196 AUTOMATED BOT BLOCKING Kayak Software Corporation AHSAN, SYED M 2491 §101§103DP Non-Final OA — Pending Mar 19, 2025
19084479 GRIDEYE SENSOR Key Tronic Corporation GROSS, JASON PATRICK 3797 §103 Final Rejection — Pending Mar 19, 2025
19076404 USING MAPS COMPRISING COVARIANCES IN MULTI-RESOLUTION VOXELS Zoox, Inc. SAJOUS, WESNER 2612 §102§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Mar 11, 2025
19075097 AUTOMATED CHICKEN SORTING CONVEYOR BELT Hatchery Planning, Inc. DEUBLE, MARK A 3651 §102§103DP Non-Final OA — Pending Mar 10, 2025
19066499 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GENERATING MULTI-RESOLUTION VOXEL SPACES Zoox, Inc. ALHARBI, ADAM MOHAMED 3663 §103Other Non-Final OA — Pending Feb 28, 2025
19065941 SELF-FLAGGING SYRINGE LABEL Omnicell, Inc. DAVIS, CASSANDRA HOPE 3631 §102§103 Final Rejection — Pending Feb 27, 2025
19054736 MESSAGE MODERATION IN A COMMUNICATION PLATFORM Salesforce, Inc. TIV, BACKHEAN 2459 §103§112Other Non-Final OA — Pending Feb 14, 2025
19051425 SIX DEGREE OF FREEDOM TRACKING WITH SCALE RECOVERY AND OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE Xrpro, LLC NGUYEN, PHU K 2616 §103Other Non-Final OA — Pending Feb 12, 2025
19047447 AUTOMATIC MOWER, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPERATING AND CONTROLLING SAME, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE Positec Power Tools (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. CULLEN, TANNER L 3656 §102§103 Final Rejection — Pending Feb 06, 2025
19101010 SYSTEM FOR YARD CHECK-IN AND CHECK-OUT Koireader Technologies, Inc. WILDER, ANDREW H 3627 §101§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Feb 04, 2025
19041846 Textured Barrier Substrate The Ipe Clip Fastener Company, Inc. RUMMEL, IAN A 1785 §102§103§112 Non-Final OA — Pending Jan 30, 2025
19038915 AUTOMATED RISK ASSESSMENT FOR DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS AND PULMONARY EMBOLISM USING RETINAL IMAGES Welch Allyn, Inc. GOEBEL, EMMA ROSE 2662 §101§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Jan 28, 2025
19031216 SYSTEMS AND METHODS TO IDENTIFY AND TREAT SUBJECTS AT RISK FOR OBSTETRICAL COMPLICATIONS The United States Department of Health and Human Services COUNTS, GARY W Other Non-Final OA — Pending Jan 17, 2025
19030071 PEELABLE LID FOR CONTAINER WITH MULTI-POINT PEEL SYSTEM Physio-Control, Inc. COLLINS, RAVEN 3735 §103 Non-Final OA — Pending Jan 17, 2025
19025923 STATICALLY-CONFIGURED INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP) NETWORK TRAFFIC SHAPING FOR ADAPTATIVE MODULATION AND CODING DATA LINKS Itron, Inc. KHAN, ATTA 2449 §103 Non-Final OA — Pending Jan 16, 2025
19026278 LIGHT-BASED NON-INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE SYSTEMS AND METHODS Stryker Corporation HOLMES, REX R 3796 §102§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Jan 16, 2025
19011157 SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING MOULD-BASED EQUIPMENT FOR DIRECT INJECTION PRODUCTION OF FOOTWEAR AND A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING FOOTWEAR Ecco Sko A/S JOHNSON, CHRISTINA ANN 1742 §103DP Non-Final OA — Pending Jan 06, 2025
19008482 TEMPLATE-MATCHING-BASED SUBBLOCK MOTION REFINEMENT FOR MOTION PREDICTION Alibaba (China) Co., Ltd. TORRENTE, RICHARD T 2485 §102§103 Non-Final OA — Pending Jan 02, 2025
19008505 RELATIVE DIFFERENCE METRIC FOR FRAME CODING AND TWO-STAGE TRAINING FOR GENERATIVE FACE VIDEO COMPRESSION Alibaba (China) Co., Ltd. WALKER, JARED T 2426 §102§103 Final Rejection 9d overdue Pending Jan 02, 2025
19007419 CROSS-COMPONENT PREDICTION FOR CHROMA PREDICTION Alibaba (China) Co., Ltd. SUH, JOSEPH JINWOO 2485 §102 Non-Final OA — Pending Dec 31, 2024
18991167 AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE SAFETY OPERATION MODES Zoox, Inc. RIOS-AGUIRRE, IZCALLI ANDRE 3666 §103 Final Rejection — Pending Dec 20, 2024
18986930 System for Generating a Three-Dimensional Scene Reconstructions Occipital, Inc. HOANG, PETER §103§112 Non-Final OA — Pending Dec 19, 2024
18985449 YARD MAPPING AND ASSET TRACKING SYSTEM Koireader Technologies, Inc. NGUYEN, LEON VIET Q 2663 §102§103Other Non-Final OA — Pending Dec 18, 2024
18983023 TREATMENT OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS RELATED DISEASES Doderm GmbH JACKSON-TONGUE, LAKIA J 1645 §112 Non-Final OA — Pending Dec 16, 2024
18970053 COMPUTER SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ANALYZING DATA SETS AND GENERATING PERSONALIZED RECOMMENDATIONS Opentable, Inc. GEORGALAS, ANNE MARIE 3689 DP Final Rejection — Pending Dec 05, 2024

View all 272 →

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Lee & Hayes, PC's patent allowance rate?

81.8% of resolved applications prosecuted by Lee & Hayes, PC were allowed, across 11,169 applications in USPTO records.

How many office actions does Lee & Hayes, PC average before allowance?

4.12 office actions per allowed application on average.

How many pending office actions does Lee & Hayes, PC have?

272 pending office actions as of October 2026, for 124 clients, before 258 examiners in 178 art units.

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